植物单宁对秦川肉牛生产性能的影响  

Effects of Vegetable Tannin on Production Performance of Qinchuan Beef Cattle

作　　者：常玮学 杨英超 杜鑫泽 赵春平[1] 梅楚刚 昝林森[1,2] CHANG Weixue;YANG Yingchao;DU Xinze;ZHAO Chunping;MEI Chugang;ZAN Linsen(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China;National Beef Cattle Improvement Center,Yangling,Shaanxi,712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学动物科技学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]国家肉牛改良中心,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2023年第11期29-35,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD0501700);国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系建设(CARS-38);青海省科技成果转化专项(2018-NK-108);陕西省农业科技创新转化项目(NYKJ-2018-YL09);宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重大(重点)项目(2019BEF02004)。

摘　　要：试验旨在探究饲粮中添加植物单宁对秦川肉牛生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质的影响。选取24头健康状况良好、体重在(260±20)kg的秦川肉牛,随机分为5组,每组4个重复。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别在基础饲粮中添加3.22、6.44、9.66、12.88 g/kg DM的植物单宁,分别为试验Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组。对全期总增重分析,发现试验Ⅲ组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅳ组的全期增重量分别高于试验Ⅱ、Ⅳ、Ⅰ及对照组5.00%、5.29%、8.25%、16.53%。平均日增重各试验组显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。在试验末期Ⅳ组腹围指标较其他各组显著减小(P<0.05)。通过屠宰测定,育肥效果最好的试验Ⅲ组,胴体重、净肉重、屠宰率等指标试验Ⅲ组均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。试验Ⅲ组在全期饲料消耗量虽高且每天每头牛饲料成本价也高,但育肥全期增重最大,通过实时活体肉牛的市场价估算,养殖效益最大。在秦川肉牛的日粮中添加不同量的植物单宁,能够提高秦川肉牛部分生长性能指标,包括屠宰率、净肉率,改善牛肉的嫩度、肉色等,并能有效地提高养殖效益。The purpose of this experiment was to explore the effects of vegetable tannin on growth performance,slaughter performance and meat quality of Qinchuan beef cattle.24 healthy Qinchuan beef cattle weighing(260±20)kg were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 replicates in each group.The control group was fed basic diet,and the experimental groups were fed basic diet with 3.22,6.44,9.66 and 12.88 g/kg DM vegetable tannin,respectively,which were divided into Experimental group Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ.The analysis of total weight gain in the whole period showed that of the experimental groupⅢwas significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05).The total weight gain of group Ⅳ was 5.00%,5.29%,8.25%and 16.53%higher than that of group Ⅱ,Ⅳ,Ⅰ and control group,respectively.The average daily gain of each experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).At the end of the experiment,the abdominal circumference index of group Ⅳ was significantly lower than that of other groups(P<0.05).According to slaughter test,the carcass weight,net meat weight,slaughter rate and other indicators of group Ⅲ with the best fattening effect were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05).Although the feed consumption of group Ⅲ was high in the whole period and so was the feed cost per cattle per day,the weight gain of group Ⅲ was the largest in the whole period of fattening.According to the estimation of real-time market price of live beef cattle,the breeding benefit of this group was the largest.It is concluded that adding different amounts of vegetable tannin to the diet of Qinchuan beef cattle can improve some growth performance indexes of Qinchuan beef cattle,including slaughter rate,net meat rate,tenderness and color of beef,and can effectively improve the breeding efficiency.

关 键 词：植物单宁 秦川肉牛 生长性能 屠宰性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S823.5[农业科学—畜牧学]