基于SAPAD用户行为的适龄儿童剪刀设计研究  

Design of Scissors for Children Based on SAPAD User Behavior Study

作　　者：程文婷 樊佳敏 Andreas Papenfuss 吴晓萱 CHENG Wen-ting;FAN JIA-min;Andreas Papenfuss;WU Xiao-xuan(School of Industrial Design,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430000,China;Sino-German Industrial Design Innovation Research School,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学工业设计学院,武汉430000 [2]湖北工业大学中德工业设计创新研究院,武汉430000

出　　处：《包装工程》2023年第22期158-168,190,共12页Packaging Engineering

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目-青年基金项目(23YJC760017);湖北工业大学校基金项目(BSQD2019068)。

摘　　要：目的儿童手部精细动作的训练对其认知能力的发展起着重要作用。本文选取儿童剪刀产品作为研究对象,通过对适龄儿童使用剪刀的行为进行研究,总结出面向适龄儿童生理认知特点和行为习惯的产品设计方法与流程,旨在改善儿童使用剪刀产品的操作体验,并促进儿童手部精细动作和认知能力的发展。方法首先,分年龄段分析儿童的认知与手部精细动作发展特征;其次,通过非参与式观察法,记录6~8岁儿童使用剪刀的行为过程,并运用SAPAD模型进行“行为-物-意义”三个维度的映射,对用户行为背后的意义开展聚类分析,构建意义模型并转化为设计核心要素以指导剪刀设计;最后,结合模糊综合评价法开展产品可用性测试,确定最优设计方案。结果通过对6~8岁儿童用户使用剪刀的行为进行分析,构建了意义模型,并得到了四个设计核心要素及两个核心部件。通过产品可用性测试,优选出最符合儿童生理认知发展和行为特征的设计方案。结论基于SAPAD用户行为研究,并融入适龄儿童认知和生理发展特征的产品设计研究方法,能有效提升儿童的剪刀产品操作体验,从而促进其生理和认知发展。该研究也能为其他同类产品的设计开发提供新的理论路径和实践参考。The training of children's fine hand movements plays an important role in their cognitive development.With scissors for children as the research object,the work aims to summarize the product design method and process oriented to the physiological and cognitive characteristics and behavioral habits of school-age children through the study of children's behavior in using scissors,so as to improve the children's experience in using scissors and promoting the development of children's fine hand movements and cognitive abilities.Firstly,the children's cognitive and fine hand movement development characteristics were analyzed by age group,and secondly,the behavior of children aged 6-8 years old using scissors was recorded by non-participant observation method,and the SAPAD model was used to map the three dimensions of"behavior-object-meaning".The meaning behind the user's behavior was clustered and analyzed and a meaning model was constructed and translated into core design elements to guide the scissor design.Finally,combined with the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method,the product usability was tested to determine the optimal design solution.By analyzing the behavior of children aged 6-8 years old using scissors,a meaning model was constructed and four core design elements and two core components were obtained.Through product usability test,the design solution that met the physiological and cognitive development and behavioral characteristics of children best was preferably selected.A product design research methodology based on SAPAD user behavior study and incorporating school-age children's cognitive and physiological developmental characteristics can effectively enhance children's experience in operating scissors and promote their physiological and cognitive development.The study can also provide a new theoretical path and practical reference for the design and development of other similar products.

关 键 词：用户行为 适龄儿童 儿童剪刀 SAPAD模型 产品设计 

分 类 号：TB472[一般工业技术—工业设计]