论按揭模式下关联合同的解除  

On the Termination of Related Contracts under the Mortgage Model

作　　者：刘承韪[1] Liu Chengwei

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学比较法学研究院,北京100088

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2023年第6期138-148,共11页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(17BFX083)“违约惩罚性赔偿制度研究”。

摘　　要：按揭模式下的商品房买卖合同与贷款合同形成关联合同,在因出卖人违约导致买受人解除商品房买卖合同后亦有权解除贷款合同的正当性基础在于关联合同的经济一体性。此种经济一体性可从共同主观目的结合下关联合同的经济一体性和出卖人与信用提供者结合下关联合同的经济一体性两个不同视角进行理解,前者的关注点在于当事人的共同主观目的能否实现,而后者的关注点则在于对消费者的特别保护。尽管无论采取哪种视角,都可为按揭模式下关联合同解除的成立提供理论基础,但《商品房买卖合同解释》第20条最终选择的是前一种视角下的经济一体性理论。当然,这对于购房消费者解除权的行使并不会产生太多实质影响,因为不论是购房消费者还是非购房消费者都在该条的适用范围内,而真正有影响的是关联合同被解除后的返还。基于我国目前立法现状,《商品房买卖合同解释》第21条第2款应部分具有保护分期付款交易中购房消费者的制度功能,在买受人系购房消费者的情况下,对于其是否应承担贷款合同被解除后的返还责任应基于后一种视角下关联合同的经济一体性理论进行解释。The contract on purchase and sale of commodity premises under the mortgage model and the loan contract form related contracts.If the buyer terminates the contract on purchase and sale of commodity premises due to breach of the seller,the buyer also has the right to terminate the loan contract.The legitimacy basis for such termination lies in the economic integrity of the related contracts.Such economic oneness can be understood from two different perspectives.The economic oneness of the related contracts under the combination of common subjective purposes and that under the combination of the seller and the credit provider,the former focuses on the realization of the parties'common objective,while the latter focuses on the special protection of consumers.No matter which perspective is adopted,it can provide the theoretical basis for the establishment of the related contract rescission under the mortgage model,but the 20th article of Explanation of Commercial Housing Sales Contract finally chooses the economic integration theory.Of course,this will not have too much actual impact on the exercise of the rescission right by consumers who purchase houses,because both consumers and non-consumers who purchase houses are within the scope of application of this Article,and what really has impact is the return upon the rescission of the associated contract.Based on the current legislative status in China,article 21.2 of Explanation of Commercial Housing Sales Contract shall partly have the institutional function of protecting the home purchasers in installment transactions,where the buyer is a purchase consumer,whether the buyer shall assume the liability for restitution after the rescission of the loan contract shall be interpreted based on the economic integration theory of related contracts in the latter perspective.

关 键 词：按揭模式 关联合同 经济一体性 主观目的 购房消费者 

分 类 号：D923.3[政治法律—民商法学]