剧毒气体PH_(3)的干法净化技术研究进展  

Research progress in dry purification technology of highly toxic gas PH_(3)

作　　者：杨学金 杨金涛 宁平[2] 王访 宋晓双 贾丽娟 冯嘉予 YANG Xuejin;YANG Jintao;NING Ping;WANG Fang;SONG Xiaoshuang;JIA Lijuan;FENG Jiayu(School of Chemistry and Environment,Yunnan Minzu University,Kunming 650504,Yunnan,China;Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南民族大学化学与环境学院,云南昆明650504 [2]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《化工学报》2023年第9期3742-3755,共14页CIESC Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52300140,51968075)。

摘　　要：磷化氢(PH_(3))是一种来源广泛的剧毒气体,未经处理排放到大气中会对人体和环境造成严重危害。近年来,国家对PH_(3)的排放进行了严格的规定,因此,尾气中PH_(3)的深度净化受到了广泛的关注。干法是主流的PH_(3)净化技术,主要包括吸附法和催化法。相较于湿法,干法具有性能好、稳定性强、耗水量小以及不产生二次污染等优点。本文首先从吸附法入手,分别探讨了复合金属氧化物吸附剂、活性炭基吸附剂及其他材料(分子筛、二氧化硅等)的研究现状,深入分析了各类脱磷吸附剂的结构性质及优缺点。其次对催化分解PH_(3)的机理进行了总结归纳,重点讨论了各类催化剂的构-效关系。最后,介绍了其他干法(燃烧法、等离子体降解法、生物法)在PH_(3)净化领域的应用。在此基础上,讨论了干法脱磷技术的主要优势以及面临的挑战,并对干法脱除PH_(3)技术的发展方向进行了展望。本工作可以为脱磷吸附剂/催化剂的构建和设计提供参考和指导。Phosphine(PH_(3))is a highly toxic gas that comes from a wide range of sources.If it is discharged into the atmosphere without treatment,it will cause serious harm to the human body and the environment.In recent years,the state has imposed strict regulations on the emission of PH_(3),so the deep purification of PH_(3)from exhaust gas has received widespread attention.The dry methods are the mainstream PH_(3)purification technology,which mainly include adsorption and catalytic methods.Compared with the wet method,the dry method has the advantages of good performance,high stability,low water consumption,and no secondary pollution.In this paper,starting from the adsorption method,the research status of composite metal oxide adsorbent,activated carbon adsorbent,and other materials(molecular sieve,silica,etc)were discussed,and the structural properties and advantages and disadvantages of various types of dephosphorylated adsorbents were analyzed in depth.Secondly,the mechanism of catalytic decomposition of PH_(3)was summarized,focusing on the structure-activity relationship of various types of catalysts.Finally,the application of other dry methods(combustion,plasma degradation,and biological methods)in the field of PH_(3)purification were introduced.On this basis,the main advantages of dry dephosphorization technologies as well as the challenges are discussed,and the direction of development of dry PH_(3)removal technologies is envisioned.This work is expected to provide reference and guidance for the construction and design of adsorbents/catalysts for phosphorus removal.

关 键 词：PH_(3) 吸附剂 催化剂 氧化 载体 干法净化技术 

分 类 号：TQ09[化学工程]