加速康复外科护理在老年全膝关节置换术中的应用效果观察  

Observation of the application effect of accelerated rehabilitation surgery in elderly knee replacement patients

作　　者：许小珍 陈桂丽 周春嫦 李晓冰[1] 司徒炜立 XU Xiaozhen;CHEN Guili;ZHOU Chunchang;LI Xiaobing;SITU Weili(Kaiping Central Hospital,Jiangmen 529399,China)

机构地区：[1]开平市中心医院,529399

出　　处：《中国老年保健医学》2023年第5期161-164,共4页Chinese Journal of Geriatric Care

摘　　要：目的研究快速康复护理在老年患者进行膝关节置换术后康复锻炼中的应用方法和效果。方法收集本科室2021年1月1日到2023年12月31日60例诊断为膝关节骨关节炎的住院患者为研究对象,2021—2022年收集的行人工膝关节置换术患者30例作为对照组,2022—2023年收集的30例行人工膝关节置换术患者作为ERAS组。ERAS组和对照组采用不同的护理方法和措施,对两组术后的指标、HSS膝关节评分、疼痛数字评分量表(NRS)和患者满意度进行比较。结果ERAS组出院时HSS膝关节评分为(73.47±7.48)分、关节活动度为(14.53±2.24)分;3个月HSS膝关节评分为(81.10±5.13)分、关节活动度为(15.07±1.98)分,ERAS组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERAS组首次进食时间(3.62±1.08)小时、首次排尿时间(3.78±1.01)小时、NRS评分(2.60±0.72)分、首次下床活动时间(3.57±1.48)天、住院时间(12.07±2.78)天,均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。ERAS组患者及家属满意度(95.47±2.89)明显高于对照组[(91.10±2.84)分],差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论老年患者进行人工膝关节置换手术后,快速康复护理可以有效地促进患者的康复进程,减轻术后疼痛程度,缩短住院时间,帮助膝关节功能和指标的恢复,提高患者术后的生活质量和满意度。Objective To explore the application method and effect of rapid rehabilitation nursing in rehabilitation exercise of elderly patients after knee joint replacement.Methods 60 cases of knee arthroplasty patients collected in our department in 2021 were randomly divided into the ERAS group and the control group,30 cases in each group.The ERAS group received rapid rehabilitation nursing after operation,while the control group received routine nursing methods and measures.The HSS knee joint score,postoperative indicators,pain numerical rating scale(NRS)and postoperative patient satisfaction were compared between the two groups.Results At discharge from the ERAS group,postoperative HSS knee joint score was(73.47±7.48)、joint range of motion was(14.53±2.24);The 3-month HSS score(81.10±5.13)and joint range of motion(15.07±1.98)in the ERAS group were higher than the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).First eating time[(3.62±1.08)h],first urination time[(3.78±1.01)h],NRS score(2.60±0.72),first time out of bed activity time[(3.57±1.48)d],hospitalization time[(12.07±2.78)d]after operation in the ERAS group were lower than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The satisfaction of patients and their families in the ERAS group(95.47±2.89)was significantly higher than that in the control group(91.10±2.84),with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion Rapid rehabilitation nursing for elderly patients after artificial knee replacement can effectively speed up the rehabilitation process of patients,reduce the degree of postoperative pain,shorten the hospital stay of patients,and contribute to the recovery of various functions and indicators of the knee joint after surgery,and improve the quality of life and satisfaction of patients after surgery.

关 键 词：人工全膝关节置换术 快速康复护理 康复锻炼 术后恢复计划 

分 类 号：R473.6[医药卫生—护理学]