番茄育苗基质中保水剂和黏结剂的筛选及其组合效果评价  

Screening of water retaining agent and adhesion agent in tomato nursery substrates and evaluation of their combination effect

作　　者：侯如娇 窦亮 胡洁 江高飞 王孝芳 韦中 沈其荣 徐阳春 HOU Ru-jiao;DOU Liang;HU Jie;JIANG Gao-fei;WANG Xiao-fang;WEI Zhong;SHEN Qi-rong;XU Yang-chun(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University/National Engineering Research Center for Organic-based Fertilizers,Nanjing 210095,China;Sinochem International Crop Care Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200215,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院/国家有机类肥料工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210095 [2]中化作物保护品有限公司,上海200215

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》2023年第7期1575-1582,共8页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目[CX(22)1004];国家自然科学基金项目(42007025);江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK20200533)

摘　　要：育苗基质是工厂化育苗的关键。探究添加不同保水剂及黏结剂对基质性质及幼苗生长的影响,可以为保障育苗质量并降低生产成本提供参考。选择基石抗旱(JS)、生金沙(SJS)、正能量(NL)、日本触媒(JK)4种保水剂以及凹凸棒石(AT1、AT2)和膨润土(BT1和BT2)4种黏结剂,测定它们对基质保水节水能力、黏结性及幼苗生长的影响,筛选出最优保水剂和黏结剂,进一步通过番茄育苗试验筛选出最佳的保水剂和黏结剂复配组合和适宜用量。结果表明保水剂JS的反复吸水能力最强,综合保水性能较佳。使用黏结剂AT1塞子苗形成率大于88.00%。综合塞子苗形成率及幼苗生长,黏结剂AT1效果最佳。将筛选获得的JS和AT1复配后加入育苗基质中,0.2%JS+4%AT1处理幼苗的萎蔫率相对较低,且在幼苗株高、茎粗、根长、叶面积、总干质量以及壮苗指数等生长特性及生理指标上均优于其他处理。说明0.2%基石抗旱与4%凹凸棒石1复配后添加到基质中效果最好,可以作为兼具保水节水和黏结成坨功效的番茄功能性育苗基质的推荐配方。Seedling substrate is the key to industrialized seedling cultivation.Exploring the effects of adding different water-retaining agents and adhesion agents on substrate properties and seedling growth can provide a reference for ensuring seedling quality and reducing production costs.Four water retaining agents(JS,SJS,NL,JK)and four binders,namely,attapulgite(AT1,AT2)and bentonite(BT1,BT2),were selected to determine their effects on the water retaining and water saving ability of the substrate,adhesion and seedling growth,and the optimal water-retaining agent and adhesion agent were selected.The optimal combination and appropriate dosage were further screened through tomato cultivation experiments.The results showed that water-retaining agent JS had the best repeated water absorption capacity and better comprehensive water retention performance.The formation rate of plug seedlings using adhesion agent AT1 was greater than 88.00%.Combining the formation rate of plug seedlings and seedling growth,the adhesion agent AT1 had the best effect.The screened JS and AT1 were mixed and added to the seedling substrate.The seedling wilting rate under the treatment of 0.2%JS and 4.0%AT1 was relatively low,and the seedling growth characteristics and physiological indicators such as plant height,stem diameter,root length,leaf area,total dry weight,and seedling strength index were superior to other treatments.The combination of 0.2%JS and 4.0%AT1 had the best effect,and could be used as the recommended formula for functional tomato seedling tomato substrate with both water retaining and water saving effects and adhesion efficacy.

关 键 词：穴盘育苗 保水剂 黏结剂 功能性育苗基质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]