创新驱动下的企业劳动力技能需求研究  

Innovation and Enterprise Labor Skills Demand

作　　者：李捷瑜[1] 肖淑芳 LI Jie-yu;XIAO Shu-fang

机构地区：[1]中山大学岭南学院

出　　处：《产经评论》2023年第5期43-60,共18页Industrial Economic Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“适应气候变化领域的中国科技创新战略研究”(项目编号:21YJA790030,项目负责人:李捷瑜);广东省教育厅教育科学规划课题(高等教育专项)“职业软技能需求研究--基于招聘信息大数据与文本挖掘方法”(项目编号:2021GXJK189,项目负责人:李捷瑜)。

摘　　要：以创新驱动引领的升级转型对劳动力技能提出新需求,企业创新对劳动力技能需求的影响是解决结构性失业问题的重要考量。利用上市企业数据和线上招聘文本,分析企业创新与企业劳动力技能需求的关系。结果显示:就技能层次看,创新显著增加了企业对高技能人才的需求,且这一需求具有长期动态持续性;创新对中低技能人才需求的影响以短期一次性调整为主。各技能层次人才通用技能的细分研究进一步表明,创新增加了企业对信息技术技能的需求,这在高技能人才和低技能人才上尤为突出;同时,创新降低了企业对单纯软技能的需求,增加了企业对兼备软、硬技能特点的复合通用技能的需求。因此,改善当前的结构性失业现象、制定各技能层次人才培养策略时应将企业创新与劳动力技能需求的长短期关系变动作为引导。Using the data of listed companies and online recruitment texts,this paper analyzes the relationship between enterprise innovation and enterprise skill needs.The research results show that,in terms of skill level,innovation has significantly increased the demand of enterprises for highly skilled talents,and this impact has long-term effects.Innovation has no robust significant impact on the demand for medium and low skilled talents,and the effect is short-run.The analysis of skill types of groups at all levels further shows that innovation has increased the demand of enterprises for information technology skills,which is particularly prominent in high skilled talents and low skilled talents.At the same time,innovation reduces the demand of enterprises for simple soft skills,and increases the demand of enterprises for complex skills with both soft and hard skills.This study provides an empirical basis and a new perspective for understanding and improving the current structural unemployment phenomenon and formulating talent training strategies at all levels.

关 键 词：创新 通用技能 文本分析 技能需求 技能层次 

分 类 号：F062.4[经济管理—政治经济学]