营利法人所有权制度“入典”的缘起与意义诠释——兼评《民法典》第二百六十九条第一款  

The Interpretation of the Origin and Significance of the Ownership System of Profit-making Legal Person"Entering the Code"——A Comment on Article 269,Paragraph 1 of the Civil Code

作　　者：薛波 张梓楠 Xue Bo;Zhang Zinan(School of Law,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518055,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳大学法学院,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《政法学刊》2023年第5期85-96,共12页Journal of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“团体法思维在商事立法中的运用研究”(20BFX123);国家社科基金青年项目“公司减资对债权人通知义务研究”(19CFX049)。

摘　　要：营利法人所有权制度“入典”历经漫长曲折的历史过程。《民法典》确立营利法人所有权制度是“自上而下”的建构理性主义和“自下而上”进化理性主义双向互动和累积的结果,既包括政策因素支撑,亦具有理论和实践原因推动。营利法人所有权制度“入典”在理论、制度、实践层面会带来一系列体系效应:第一,理论层面:乃践行“民商合一”的微观著例;有助于重识法人之本质。第二,制度层面:丰富和完善了《民法典》产权制度体系;为《公司法》修改提供了基本遵循。第三,实践层面:有助于检验《公司法》的实施效果;有助于推动国有企业市场化改革;有助于纠正公司司法裁判的观念谬误。《民法典》第二百六十九条第一款营利法人所有权条款存在完善和优化空间,其功能实现需注意和《公司法》规则衔接。It has gone through a long and tortuous historical process for the system of ownership of profit-making legal person to enter the code.The establishment of the profit-making legal person ownership system in the Civil Code is the result of the interaction and accumulation of"top-down"constructive rationalism and"bottom-up"evolutionary rationalism,which is supported by policy factors as well as promoted by theoretical and practical reasons.In theory,system and practice,the incorporation of the profit-making legal person ownership system will bring a series of systematic effects.First,the theoretical level:it is a micro-example of practicing"civil and commercial integration"and is helpful to re-recognize the essence of legal person.Second,the system level:enriching and perfecting the property right system of the Civil Code and providing basic compliance for the revision of the Company Law.Third,the practical level:it is helpful to test the implementation effect of the Company Law,to promote the market-oriented reform of state-owned enterprises and to correct the conceptual fllacy of corporate judicial adjudication.There is room for improvement and optimization of the provisions on the ownership of profit-making legal persons in Article 269,paragraph 1 of the Civil Code,and the realization of its functions should be linked up with the rules of the Company Law.

关 键 词：营利法人所有权 民法典 缘起 意义诠释 

分 类 号：DF5[政治法律—民商法学]