科普演讲中模糊限制语的语用功能分析  

The analysis of pragmatic functions of hedges in scientific speeches

作　　者：张晨潇 ZHANG Chenxiao(Department of Foreign Studies,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学

出　　处：《外文研究》2023年第4期19-27,103,共10页Foreign Studies

摘　　要：从研究对象看,以往关于模糊限制语的研究都集中在书面话语,本研究集中探讨演讲话语中模糊限制语的使用情况。从研究内容看,关于模糊限制语的论文主要集中在两大领域:首先,有关命题确定性的问题;其次,与语言的交互或人际方面有关的问题,特别是礼貌问题。由于在模糊限制语的特征中,确定性和不确定性的概念占据中心位置,所以模态(modality)概念在本文的讨论中受到了相当大的关注。本研究的目的是探究模糊限制语在科普演讲中的认知功能、交际功能和文本功能。通过案例分析,本文结合韩礼德系统功能语法的三大元功能展开讨论,作者指出了模糊限制策略的使用情况,并结合语境探究其语用功能。作者认为模糊限制语在很大程度上拉近了说话人和听话人之间的距离,在语用层面增加了命题的可信度,因此模糊限制语的使用有利于科普文本的交流。本文的研究意义在于:一方面,作者通过对TED Talk中的演讲文本进行话语分析,讨论了模糊限制语在科普演讲中是如何表达演讲者对命题的不确定性及信息的模糊性,从而降低对命题的贡献(commitment)。另一方面,在实践意义上,通过对模糊限制语的分析,作者归纳如何提高沟通技巧的几个模糊限制策略,从而实现更好地交流。Research on hedges has focused on two main areas:first,issues related to propositional certainty,and second,issues related to the interactive or interpersonal aspects of language,especially politeness principles.The concept of modality has received considerable attention in the discussion of this paper,as the concepts of certainty and uncertainty take center stage in the nature of hedges.The purpose of this study is to investigate the cognitive,interpersonal and textual functions of hedges in scientific speeches,according to the three meta-functions of Halliday s systemic functional grammar.On the one hand,through discourse analysis of selected discourses of TED Talk,the author discusses how hedges in scientific speeches express the speaker s uncertainty about the proposition and the ambiguity of information,thereby reducing the contribution to the proposition(commitment).On the other hand,in a practical sense,through the analysis of hedges,the author points out several strategies on how to improve communication skills so as to achieve better communication.

关 键 词：科普演讲 模糊限制语 认知 模态 系统功能语法 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]