成人固定正畸患者自我管理认知及内心体验的质性研究  

Qualitative study on self-management cognition and inner experience of adult fixed orthodontic patients

作　　者：苏婉莹 叶君荣[2] 沈芳 肖炜[1] Su Wanying;Ye Junrong;Shen Fang;Xiao Wei(Department of Nursing,Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510000,China;Psychiatric Neuroscience Ward,the Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University,Guangzhou 510000,China)

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学附属口腔医院护理部,广州510000 [2]广州医科大学附属脑科医院精神神经科学病房,广州510000

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2023年第30期4116-4120,共5页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：2022年广州医科大学附属口腔医院护理科研培育项目(HL202201)。

摘　　要：目的探讨成人固定正畸患者的自我管理认知及内心体验,为今后的研究提供证据支持。方法本研究为质性研究。采用目的抽样法,选取2022年6—7月在广州医科大学附属口腔医院进行正畸矫正的12例成年患者进行面对面半结构式深入访谈。应用Nvivo 12软件,采用Colaizzi 7步分析法对访谈资料进行分析和归纳。结果成人固定正畸患者自我管理认知及内心体验共提炼出3个核心主题和7个亚主题,分别为面对正畸治疗的多重心理感受(积极心理感受、消极心理感受)、正畸治疗的阻碍因素(家人的不支持、就医复诊受阻)、自我管理行为存在差异(积极的自我管理、消极的自我管理、行为阶段性改变)。结论成人固定正畸患者存在消极心理感受、就医复诊受阻及自我管理能力不足等问题,护理人员应重点关注此类患者在治疗过程中的感受和体验,对患者整个治疗阶段的心理和行为进行动态评估,并联合信息化平台采取以患者为中心的护理干预,改善患者的负性情绪,提高其口腔健康自我管理能力。Objective To explore the self-management cognition and inner experience of adult fixed orthodontic patients,so as to provide evidence support for subsequent research.Methods This was a qualitative study.By using the purposive sampling method,a total of 12 adult patients who underwent orthodontic treatment in the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University from June to July 2022 were selected for face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews.Using Nvivo 12 software,the interview data was analyzed and summarized using the Colaizzi 7-step analysis method.Results Self-management cognition and inner experience of adult fixed orthodontics patients were extracted into 3 core themes and 7 sub-themes.They were the multiple psychological feelings in the face of orthodontic treatment(positive psychological feelings,negative psychological feelings),impediments to orthodontic treatment(lack of support from family members,obstacles to medical follow-up),and differences in self-management behaviours(positive self-management,negative self-management,and phased changes in behaviours).Conclusions Adult fixed orthodontic patients suffer from negative psychological feelings,obstruction of medical follow-up and insufficient self-management ability,etc.Nursing staff should focus on the feelings and experiences of such patients during the treatment process,conduct a dynamic assessment of the patient's psychology and behaviours throughout the treatment phase,and adopt patient-centred nursing interventions in conjunction with the information technology platform,to improve the patient's negative emotions and enhance their oral health self-management ability.

关 键 词：成年人 正畸 固定矫治 自我管理 内心体验 质性研究 

分 类 号：R473.78[医药卫生—护理学]