中华文明探源中的神话学证据法  

The Mythological Evidence Method in the Exploration of Chinese Civilization

作　　者：王宪昭[1] Wang Xianzhao

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族文学研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《中国社会科学评价》2023年第3期87-94,159,共9页China Social Science Review

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国阿尔泰语系诸民族民间文学比较研究”(18ZDA272)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：神话学证据法是一种实证研究与历史文化研究相结合的研究方法,经历了“二重证据法”“三重证据法”到“四重证据法”不断演进的过程,神话证据由单纯的文本逐渐扩展到文物考古、口头叙事、民俗叙事、图像叙事以及物的叙事等多重证据。神话学证据法的创新主要表现在从重视文献扩展到重视物证和口头传统,并将线性推理拓展到不同性质证据的多维度论证,神话证据的文化属性得到凸显,跨学科特点也得到不断强化。神话学证据法的应用对中华文明探源研究的深入推进,对新时代背景下进一步深化中国古代神话和早期文明研究都具有启示意义。Mythological evidence method is a research method that combines empirical research with historical and cultural research,and as a methodology,it has gone through the process of evolution from"dual evidence method,""threefold evidence method"to"fourfold evidence method,"and the evidence for myths has gradually been expanded from mere texts to multiple evidence such as archaeology of cultural relics,oral narratives,folklore narratives,pictorial narratives,and narratives of objects.The innovation of mythological evidence method is mainly manifested in the expansion from the emphasis on documents to the emphasis on physical evidence and oral tradition,and the expansion of linear reasoning to the multi-dimensional argumentation of evidence of different natures,where the cultural attributes of mythological evidence have been highlighted and the interdisciplinary characteristics have been continuously strengthened.

关 键 词：中华文明探源 中国神话学 证据法 神话考古 

分 类 号：B932[哲学宗教—宗教学] I207.7[文学—中国文学]