推动农业工程发展保障我国粮食安全  

Promoting agricultural engineering to ensure food security in China

作　　者：魏秀菊 朱明 廖艳 WEI Xiuju;ZHU Ming;LIAO Yan(The Department of Strategic Study,Academy of Agricultural Planning and Engineering,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100125,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部规划设计研究院战略研究室,北京100125

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第20期5-19,共15页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：农业农村部规划设计研究院战略研究课题(SC202106);中国科技期刊卓越行动计划期刊项目(卓越计划-C-083,2019—2023)。

摘　　要：为更好地发挥农业工程对保障粮食安全的作用,分析了农业工程各分支的不同贡献,并结合我国粮食生产面临的资源、环境和生态约束条件,提出了我国农业工程发展的重点方向。农业工程各分支对保障粮食安全的贡献分别体现在农业机械化提高劳动生产效率,保障粮食种植面积;农业水土工程保障水土资源安全;土地整理工程保障耕地数量和质量;农业生物环境工程实施集约化生产,不与粮争地;农村能源与环境工程减轻环境污染;农产品加工工程减少粮食损耗、种子加工促进粮食增产。农业工程科技在推进高标准农田建设中发挥综合协同左右,其重点研究方向为提高农业机械化、信息化水平,提升农产品加工技术、推进种业工程,发展生态农业工程,完善农田基础设施建设等。粮食安全是综合性工程,统筹实施农业工程技术,可为我国粮食安全提供技术支撑和必要保障。In order to better play the role of agricultural engineering in ensuring food security,this article analyzes the different contributions of various branches of agricultural engineering,and proposes key directions for the development of agricultural engineering in China according to the constraints of resources,environment,and ecology faced by food production in China.The contributions of various branches of agricultural engineering in ensuring food security are as follows:agricultural mechanization improves labor production efficiency and ensures the planting area of grain;agricultural soil and water engineering ensures the safety of soil and water resources;land consolidation engineering ensures the quantity and quality of cultivated land;agricultural biological environmental engineering implements intensive production without competing with grain for land;rural energy and environmental engineering reduces environmental pollution;agricultural product processing engineering reduces grain loss and seed processing increases grain production.The key development directions of agricultural engineering technology are as follows:playing a comprehensive and collaborative role in promoting the construction of high standard farmland,improving the level of agricultural mechanization and informatization,improving agricultural product processing technology,promoting seed industry engineering,developing ecological agricultural engineering,and improving farmland infrastructure construction.Food security is a comprehensive project,and the coordinated implementation of agricultural engineering technology can provide technical support and necessary guarantees for China's food security.

关 键 词：农业工程 粮食安全 农业机械化 农业水土工程 土地整理工程 农产品加工工程 高标准农田 生态农业工程 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]