干热河谷区土地整理对种植业经济效益的影响  

Influence of land consolidation on profit of planting industry in dry hot valley in China

作　　者：王豹 张衍毓 张建生[1] 郭晓飞 葛兴燕 WANG Bao;ZHANG Yanyu;ZHANG Jiansheng;GUO Xiaofei;GE Xingyan(College of Resources and Environments,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Land Surveying and Planning Institute,Ministry of Natural Resources of China,Beijing 100035,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,昆明650201 [2]自然资源部国土勘测规划院,北京100035

出　　处：《科技导报》2023年第20期64-70,共7页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41967024)。

摘　　要：经济效益是土地整理的主要目标,辨析土地整理对项目区种植业经济效益的影响,对于土地整理项目前期工程设计和后期农业生产管理意义重大。在中国西南区干热河谷地带选取已竣工多年并且种植业生产相对稳定的典型土地整理项目区,通过田间调查走访获取一手资料,运用统计方法进行数据处理。调查结果显示,土地整理项目区目前主要发展果品生产,葡萄种植面积占比达到80%以上,葡萄单位面积净利润显著超过传统作物柑橘和玉米,每公顷分别高出11.43万元和19.38万元,并且葡萄优良新品种单位面积净利润显著高于常规品种;葡萄种植近3年间经济效益保持稳定,在地块由小到大的变化过程中,单位面积净利润先升后骤降再回升,并保持适度稳定。研究发现,土地整理促使种植业结构发生根本改变,农业生产经济效益显著增加;在土地整理项目设计和施工中应尽可能构建大面积地块;在农业生产管理中应及时将主导作物更新为优良新品种。Economic benefit is the first aim of land consolidation,and it is significant to analyze the influence of land consolidation on the profit of planting industry,which can improve the level of project design and agricultural management.In this article the typical project area of land consolidation was selected,the original data was collected by in situ field survey,and all the data were analyzed based on the theory of statistics.Now the preponderant crop in the study area is fruit,and the planting area proportion of grape is above 80%.The profit per unit area of grape is significantly higher than citrus and maize,and the difference are 114.3 k and 193.8 k yuan per ha,respectively.Generally,the new excellent variety reaches higher profit compared with ordinary variety.The average profit in the past three years remained stable,and in the enlargement course of the plot size,the profit per unit area rose at first,then declined dramatically and then rose again,and maintained in high level stably.It is found that the structure of planting industry has changed dramatically with the significant promotion of economic benefit,larger size plot should be designed and built as possible,and new excellent variety of predominant crop should be updated timely in the field management.

关 键 词：土地整理 经济效益 地块面积 作物 品种 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] F326.1