Between plaza and peak: a montological perspective on verticality and urbanization in highland Peru  

作　　者：Andreas HALLER Domenico BRANCA Deyvis CANO 

机构地区：[1]Institute for Interdisciplinary Mountain Research,Austrian Academy of Sciences,Innsbruck 6020,Austria [2]Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,University of Sassari,Sassari 07100,Italy [3]Programa Académico de Ingeniería Ambiental,Universidad de Huánuco,Hudnuco 10001,Peru

出　　处：《Journal of Mountain Science》2023年第10期2783-2803,共21页山地科学学报（英文）

基　　金：funded in whole,or in part,by the Austrian Science Fund(FWF)(P 31855-G)。

摘　　要：Under the influence of concentrated and extended urbanization,Andean cities and the different altitudinal zones of their“hinterlands”are experiencing profound changes in land cover—from the central plazas up to the highest peaks.The complex regional-geographic characteristics of these socioecological systems,such as the vertical complementarity of land use,require a montological perspective on verticality and urbanization:it transcends disciplinary approaches and can be crucial to properly interpret the trajectories of land cover change and formulate hypotheses for future practiceoriented research.Which trajectories of land cover change characterized altitudinal zones of Andean cities and their surroundings over the last three decades?Are there similarities that allow for the formulation of more general hypotheses?Using the Peruvian cases of Cusco and Huaraz,and combining a traditional altitudinal zonation model of land use in Peru with direct field observations and GIS-based analyses of remotely sensed data from 1991,2001,2011,and 2021,this study identifies the main trajectories of land cover change in the Quechua(>2300–3500 m),Suni(>3500–4000 m),and Puna(>4000–4800 m)regions—and finds insightful similarities between Cusco and Huaraz:(1)an impressive area of built-up land substitutes grassland in the Quechua,which,following regional altitudinal zonation models,is characterized by irrigated and rain-fed cropland;(2)an unexpected expansion of irrigated cropland takes place in the Suni,which,in theory,often lacks irrigation infrastructure and is mostly used for rain-fed tuber cultivation;and(3)a clear change from“other land”to grassland occurs in the Puna—where grassland is thought to predominate,anyway,since pre-Hispanic times.Hypothesizing that these changes reflect the interplay between speculative fallow,agricultural intensification,and ecological restoration,the results can be read as vertically complementary,local manifestations of concentrated and extended urbanization in a formerly perip

关 键 词：Mountain cities Mountain agriculture Land use change Land cover change Rural-urban linkages Montology 

分 类 号：F377.8[经济管理—产业经济] F299.778[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] P208[天文地球—测绘科学与技术] TU984[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]