非洲猪瘟新型诊断方法研究进展  

Research Progress of Novel Diagnostic Methods of African Swine Fever

作　　者：张圆圆[1] 靳家鑫 赵旭阳 张帅[1] 刘月月[2] 李祥林 孙爱军 林树乾[2] 庄国庆 ZHANG Yuan-yuan;JIN Jia-xin;ZHAO Xu-yang;ZHANG Shuai;LIU Yue-yue;LI Xiang-lin;SUN Ai-jun;LIN Shu-qian;ZHUANG Guo-qing(International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology,College of Veterinary Medicine,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China;The Shandong Animal Health Products Research Center,Institute of Poultry Science,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan 250100,China;Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station of Xiadingjia Town of Longkou City,Yantai 265719,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学动物医学院国家动物免疫学国际联合研究中心,郑州450046 [2]山东省农业科学院家禽研究所动物保健品山东省工程研究中心,济南250100 [3]龙口市下丁家镇畜牧兽医站,烟台265719

出　　处：《中国生物工程杂志》2023年第10期62-71,共10页China Biotechnology

基　　金：山东省重大科技创新工程(2020CXGC010801);河南省重大科技专项(221100110600);河南省重点研发与推广专项(222102110373、232102311107);河南省自然科学基金(232300421160);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(21A230010)资助项目。

摘　　要：非洲猪瘟(African swine fever,ASF)是由非洲猪瘟病毒(African swine fever virus,ASFV)感染猪而引起的一种急性、烈性传染病。2018年,我国发生的ASF疫情对养猪业造成了严重经济损失。目前尚无有效药物和疫苗用于治疗和预防ASF,主要通过临床诊断和扑杀感染动物来控制疫情传播。建立快速、精准和高效的诊断方法对于疫病防控至关重要。综述当前国内外ASF诊断方法的研究进展,重点阐述诊断靶标的选择以及病原学、血清学检测方法的研究现状,为ASF新型诊断方法的研发提供参考。African swine fever(ASF)is a high-mortality infectious disease in pigs caused by the African swine fever virus(ASFV).ASF spreads in more than 40 countries around the world,and the ASF epidemic occurred in China in 2018,which caused serious economic losses to the pig industry.The World Organization for Animal Health(WOAH)lists it as a notifiable animal disease,and China lists it as a Class A infectious disease.Due to the complex genome structure and immune escape mechanism of ASFV,the development of ASF vaccine is difficult.No safe and effective ASF vaccine is available until now,and epidemic prevention and control mainly relies on accurate detection and strict biosecurity measurements.Therefore,the establishment of rapid,accurate and efficient diagnostic methods is essential for ASF prevention and control.In order to promote the research and development of new diagnostic methods to improve detection efficiency and clinical application,the current research progresses of ASF diagnostic methods are reviewed,focusing on the selection of diagnostic targets,as well as the research and development status,and advantages and disadvantages of etiological and serological detection methods.For example,there is introduction of droplet digital PCR,loop-mediated isothermal amplification(LAMP),recombinase polymerase amplification(RPA),CRISPR/Cas(clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated proteins system)and other new etiological diagnostic technologies and new serological detection methods that use nanomaterials,screening of dominant epitopes,and multi-antigen epitopes to improve sensitivity and specificity.Overall,this review provides a reference to develop new diagnostic methods for ASF epidemic prevention and control.

关 键 词：非洲猪瘟 新型诊断方法 诊断靶标 疫病防控 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学] S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]