基于多齿定位分度机构的高精度齿距样板的研制  

Research of ultra-precision gear pitch artifact based on dividing mechanism with multi-tooth position

作　　者：凌四营 刘远航 龚海锋 王奉涛 凌明 LING Siying;LIU Yuanhang;GONG Haifeng;WANG Fengtao;LING Ming(Key Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Technology of Ministry of Education,Shantou University,Shantou 515063,China;Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province,Dalian University of Technology,Dalian 116023,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学智能制造技术教育部重点实验室,广东汕头515063 [2]大连理工大学微纳米技术及系统辽宁省重点实验室,辽宁大连116023

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2023年第20期2951-2963,共13页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.52075067);汕头大学科研启动经费资助项目(No.NTF23008);广东省高校创新团队资助项目(No.2020KCXTD012);中央高校基本科研业务费资助项目(No.DUT22LAB111)。

摘　　要：齿距样板是用于校准齿轮测量仪器齿距累积总偏差测量示值误差、单个齿距偏差测量重复性和回转台角定位误差的标准计量器具。为研制高精度齿距样板,本文首先基于误差均化原理设计了一种多齿定位爪用于磨齿机定位分度机构,然后对多齿定位分度机构的误差均化效应和分度精度保持性进行了数据仿真,最后分别采用单齿和多齿定位分度机构进行了对比加工实验。实验结果表明:相较于单齿定位分度机构,采用多齿定位分度机构时被加工齿距样板的单个齿距偏差降低了30.0%~36.4%;齿距累积总偏差降低了30.4%~48%,最终实现了法向模数mn=4 mm、齿数z=30、单个齿距偏差fp=0.6μm、齿距累积总偏差Fp=1.4μm的齿距样板的超精密加工,其齿距精度优于圆柱齿轮国家标准GB/T 10095.1-2022对该规格1级精度齿距公差的要求(fpT=1.7μm,FpT=5.0μm),本研究为高精度齿距样板的制造提供了支撑。Gear pitch artifacts are measurement standards used to calibrate the indication error of total cu-mulative deviation,the measurement repeatability of individual pitch deviation,and the angular positioning error of the rotary table of gear measuring instruments.A multitooth positioning claw was constructed based on the error-homogenization principle for the indexing mechanism of a gear grinding machine to de-velop high-precision gear pitch artifacts.Next,simulations for the error homogenization and indexing accu-racy retention of the multitooth positioning indexing mechanism were conducted.Finally,a comparative machining experiment of the gear pitch artifacts was performed based on single-tooth and multitooth posi-tioning indexing mechanisms.Compared to the single-tooth positioning indexing mechanism,the multi-tooth positioning indexing mechanism decreased the single-pitch deviation of the ground gears by 11.1%-36.4%and the total cumulative pitch deviation by 30.4%-48%.This resulted in ultraprecision grinding of a gear pitch artifact with a normal modulus mn=4 mm,a number of teeth z=30,an individual pitch de-viation fp=0.6μm,and a total accumulated tooth pitch deviation Fp=1.4μm.The pitch deviations of the proposed gear pitch artifacts satisfy the specifications of the Chinese national standard for cylindrical gears(GB/T10095.1-2022)for Class-1 pitch tolerances(fpT=1.7μm;FpT=5.0μm).This study provides a valuable reference for the ultraprecision machining of gear pitch artifacts.

关 键 词：齿距偏差 齿距样板 分度机构 磨齿机 

分 类 号：TG61[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]