基于车辆有限制动能力的交通流模型  

A Traffic Flow Model Based on Mechanical Restriction of Vehicle

作　　者：李启朗 王君霞 LI Qilang;WANG Junxia(School of Mathematics and Physics,Anhui Jianzhu University,Hefei 230601,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学数理学院,安徽合肥230601

出　　处：《安徽建筑大学学报》2023年第5期68-74,81,共8页Journal of Anhui Jianzhu University

基　　金：安徽省高校自然科学基金重点项目(KJ2019A0783、2022AH050252)。

摘　　要：基于精细化道路格点并引入慢启动规则,建立了一种新的交通流减速度模型。为了使微观车辆行为更符合实际交通中的驾驶行为,模型中考虑了人为过度反应:乐观态和悲观态。分析了在开放边界条件下由入口匝道引起的五种经典的拥挤模式,包括移动同步流模式、局部同步流模式、扩张同步流模式、退化的共存模式以及同步流和堵塞的共存模式等。在不同取值的主路和入口匝道的交通流量下,以时空图、流量-密度关系图等形式复现了经典的拥挤模式。描述了同步流和堵塞的共存模式下同步区域内局部自组织过程,以及区分移动同步流模式和退化的共存模式的中断效应。开展基于车辆有限制动能力的入匝道瓶颈处交通流建模以及特性分析,能为高速公路入匝道处的交通管理,尤其是避免车辆追尾,提供更加准确的决策支持。通过限流等措施能够有效缓解入匝道附近交通拥堵,提高道路通行能力。Based on the refinement of road grid and the slow-to-start rule,a new traffic flow deceleration model is established.To make the microscopic vehicle behavior more in line with actual vehicular movement,human overreaction(optimistic and pessimistic states)are considered in the model.Under open boundary condition,five classic congested patterns induced by an on-ramp are analyzed,namely,moving synchronized flow pattern(MSP),localized synchronized flow pattern(LSP),widening synchronized flow pattern(WSP),dissolving general pattern(DGP)and general pattern(GP).Under different traffic flow values of main road and on-ramp,the classical congestion pattern is reproduced in the form of spatio-temporal diagram,flow-density diagram and so forth.The local self-organization process in the synchronous region in GP and the interruption effect that distinguishes MSP from DGP are described.Establishing the traffic flow model at the bottleneck of the on-ramp based on mechanical restriction of vehicles and performing the characteristic analysis can provide more accurate decision support for the traffic management at the on-ramp of the highway,especially for avoiding rear-end collision of vehicles.Traffic congestion near the on-ramp can be effectively alleviated by restricting the flow and other measures to improve the road capacity.

关 键 词：有限制动能力 三相交通流 元胞自动机 夹点效应 中断效应 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]