楚墓出土鸟架鼓研究  

Study on the Bird Frame Drums Unearthed from Chu Tombs

作　　者：丁兰[1] 蓝云飘 林语秾 朱荆 DING Lan;LAN Yunpiao;LIN Yunong;ZHU Jing(Wuhan,Hubei 430074;Beijing 100191;Oxford,UK OX12JD)

机构地区：[1]中南民族大学民族与社会学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]北京联合大学考古研究院,北京100191 [3]牛津大学统计系,英国牛津OX12JD

出　　处：《江汉考古》2023年第5期93-102,共10页Jianghan Archaeology

基　　金：中南民族大学重点教学研究项目“本科考古学文化类课程教学中的铸牢中华民族共同体意识教育——文博专业《楚文化考古》课程改革探索”(项目编号JYZD21010)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：楚墓出土的82件鸟架鼓存在明显的时期、区域、等级、头向方面的差异,大样本背景下,统计学Jaccard相似系数、Phi相关系数和卡方检验分析成果表明,楚墓出土的漆木器鸟架鼓、镇墓兽、木俑、飞鸟两两共出存在统计学意义上的显著正相关关系,其共出比例随着墓主人身份等级升高而明显增加。结合文献我们认为楚墓鸟架鼓是文献所记“楚之衰也,作为巫音”的物化表现,其与镇墓兽、木俑、飞鸟等器物共同构成了楚地巫文化的重要内容。The 82 pieces of bird frame drums unearthed from Chu tombs show diversity in age,excavation area,social rank,and head orientation of the tomb occupant.Statistical analyses,including the Jaccard similarity coefficient,Phi correlation coefficient,and Chi-square test,suggest that the wooden lacquered bird frame drums,tomb guarding beasts,figurines,and birds unearthed from Chu tombs are positively correlated.This means a higher proportion of the objects above can be expected for the tomb occupant with a higher social rank.Combining statistical results and historical records,we propose that the bird frame drums in the Chu tombs are a materialized expression of“the decline of the Chu state,as the sound of witchcraft",which was an important component of the Chu witch culture together with tomb guarding beasts,figurines,and birds.

关 键 词：楚墓 鸟架鼓 考古类型学 考古统计学 巫音 

分 类 号：K871.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]