基于高效薄层色谱和高效液相色谱指纹图谱及模式识别的人参根茎和主根比较研究  

Comparative study on rhizome and main root of Panax ginseng based on HPTLC and HPLC fingerprints and pattern recognition

作　　者：刘静玉 金武燮 谷丽华[1] 吴立宏[1,2] Liu Jingyu;Mooseob Kim;Gu Lihua;Wu Lihong(The MOE Key Laboratory for Standardization of Chinese Medicines,Analysis Laboratory of Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai 201203,China;Test Division of Shanghai R&D Center for Standardization of Chinese Medicines,Shanghai 201203,China)

机构地区：[1]上海中医药大学中药研究所分析室,中药标准化教育部重点实验室,上海201203 [2]上海中药标准化研究中心检测部,上海201203

出　　处：《国际中医中药杂志》2023年第11期1408-1414,共7页International Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine

基　　金：上海市卫生健康委员会(ZYCC2019013)。

摘　　要：目的对人参根茎(芦头)、主根的色谱指纹图谱进行比较分析,检视其化学成分整体一致性,为人参是否去芦头炮制提供依据。方法采用高效薄层色谱(HPTLC)比较人参不同部位样品的色谱一致性;运用HPLC测定人参不同部位的指纹图谱,并结合对照品进行共有峰鉴定及相似度分析;采用主成分分析和正交偏最小二乘判别分析(OPLS-DA)进行差异性分析。结果HPTLC图谱中,人参芦头、主根及全参特征图谱相似,并且有较清晰的共有条斑7~9个。HPLC指纹图谱显示,人参芦头、主根及全参的色谱图有13个共有峰,鉴定了6个峰,包括7个人参皂苷,分别为人参皂苷Rg1&Re(混合峰)、Rf、Rb1、Rc、Ro、Rd;各样品相似度范围为0.842~0.993;各峰面积的差异综合贡献了样品间的相似度差异,其中芦头为主要影响;人参皂苷Ro、Rb1等6个成分为差异标志物,在人参芦头中相对含量显著高于主根。结论人参芦头与主根和全参化学成分类型一致,人参炮制去芦头将导致人参整体有效成分人参皂苷损失。结合资源、人力成本方面考虑,建议人参炮制时无须去芦,以全参入药。Objective To compare and analyze rhizome and main root of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma(GRR);To provide the basis of whether removing the rhizome of Ginseng(RG)when processing by checking whole consistency of chromatographic fingerprints from rhizome and main root of GRR.Methods The chromatographic consistency of different parts of GRR samples was compared using high performance thin layer chromatography(HPTLC);HPLC was used to determine the fingerprint of different parts of GRR,and combining it with the reference substance for common peak identification and similarity analysis;differences were analyzed using principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis(OPLS-DA).Results In the HPTLC spectrum,the characteristic spectra of rhizome and main root of GRR and whole GRR were similar,and there was a clear total of 7-9 spots.HPLC fingerprints of RRR presented 13 common peaks,and identified 6 peaks,including ginsenoside Rg1&Re(mixed),Rf,Rb1,Rc,Ro and Rd;the similarity of all samples ranged from 0.842 to 0.993;the differences in peak areas comprehensively contributed to the similarity differences between samples,with head being the main influence;ginsenoside Ro,Rb1 and other six components were differential markers,and the relative content in the head of GRR is significantly higher than that in the main root.Conlusions The analysis of differential profiling of chemical constituents showed that the chemical substances are almost the same between the head and the main root.The processing of GRR to remove head will result in the loss of ginsenosides,the overall effective component of GRR.Considering the human and resource costs,it was suggested that the whole root of GRR,instead of removing its rhizome,could be used in classical and traditional prescriptions.

关 键 词：人参 人参芦 人参皂苷类 高效薄层色谱 HPLC指纹图谱 模式识别 

分 类 号：R282.5[医药卫生—中药学]