黄色芽叶茶树新品种黄金芽自然杂交后代的生化品质分析  

Biochemical quality analysis and evaluation of natural hybrid progenies from new tea variety with yellow bud leaf‘Huangjinya’

作　　者：杨春[1] 梁思慧 陈正武 陈娟[1] 李燕[1] 乔大河 郭燕[1] 张小琴 YANG Chun;LIANG Si-hui;CHEN Zheng-wu;CHEN Juan;LI Yan;QIAO Da-he;GUO Yan;ZHANG Xiao-qin(Tea Research Institute,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guiyang 550006,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省农业科学院茶叶研究所,贵阳550006

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第9期1859-1868,共10页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目[黔科合支撑(2019)2251、黔科合平台人才(2020)2103、黔科合支撑(2021)一般189];贵州省农业科学院喀斯特山区作物基因资源与种业创新重点实验室项目[黔农科院种质资源(2023)03]。

摘　　要：【目的】探明黄色芽叶茶树新品种黄金芽自然杂交后代的生化品质,为特异叶色茶树品种‘黄金芽’的系统鉴定、本地化改良及开发利用提供参考。【方法】采用高效液相色谱法检测111份黄金芽自然杂交后代单株的没食子酸、咖啡碱、EGC、C、EC、EGCG、GCG、ECG和茶氨酸等生化性状,结合相关性分析、主成分分析和聚类分析对其生化品质进行分析评价。【结果】12个生化性状的变异系数为8.47%~126.53%,平均为34.90%,GCG最大,没食子酸(82.91%)其次,咖啡碱最小;遗传多样性指数为0.983~2.088,平均为1.896,咖啡碱最大,酯型儿茶素(2.057)其次,没食子酸最小。12个生化性状相关性存在一定规律,儿茶素类指标间相关性较强,9个儿茶素类指标的36对相关系数中25对呈极显著正相关,1对呈显著正相关;咖啡碱与EGCG、ECG、酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量呈极显著正相关,相关系数分别为0.394、0.357、0.460和0.386;茶氨酸与咖啡碱、EC和非酯型儿茶素呈显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.212、-0.228和-0.190,与EGCG、ECG、酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量呈极显著负相关,相关系数分别为-0.282、-0.414、-0.402和-0.430。主成分分析提取到5个主成分,累计贡献率为83.541%,第1主成分的决定生化因子包括儿茶素总量、酯型儿茶素、EGCG和ECG,是评价111份黄金芽后代生化性状优劣的关键;各材料主成分得分和排序表明,HJY⁃F1⁃52、HJY⁃F1⁃82、HJY⁃F1⁃61和HJY⁃F1⁃46生化性状较优,可作为优良株系开展后续研究。聚类分析结果显示,111份黄金芽后代可分为4类,第Ⅱ类主要生化特点为咖啡碱、EGCG、ECG、酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量含量较高,而茶氨酸含量较低;第Ⅳ类主要生化特点是咖啡碱、C、EGCG、酯型儿茶素和儿茶素总量含量较低,茶氨酸含量较高;第Ⅰ类和第Ⅲ类介于二者之间。【结论】黄金芽自然杂交后代生化性状具有丰富的遗传�【Objective】The biochemical quality of natural hybrid progenies from the new tea variety with yellow bud‘Huangjinya’was ex⁃plored,which provided reference for the systematic identification,localization improvement,development and utilization of Huangjinya.【Method】The contents of gallic acid,caffeine,EGC,C,EC,EGCG,GCG,ECG and theanine from 111 Huangjinya natural hybrid proge⁃nies were determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The biochemical quality of 111 Huangjinya natural hybrid progenies was evaluated through correlation analysis,principal component analysis and cluster analysis.【Result】The variability coefficient of 12 biochemical traits were 8.47%-126.53%,and the average value was 34.90%.GCG had the highest degree of variability,followed by gallic acid(82.91%),while caffeine had the lowest variability coefficient.The genetic diversity index of 12 biochemical traits were 0.983-2.088,and the average value was 1.896.Caffeine had the highest diversity index,followed by ester catechins(2.057),while gallic acid had the lowest diversity index.There were rules in the correlation of 12 biochemical trait to a certain degree,among which the catechin traits had significant correlation.25 pairs of correlation coefficient from 36 pairs of correlation coefficient of 9 catechin traits had extremely signifi⁃cant positive correlation,and a pair of correlation coefficient had significant positive correlation.There were significant positive correlation between caffeine and EGCG,between caffeine and ECG,between caffeine and ester catechins,between caffeine and total catechins,whose correlation coefficients were 0.394,0.357,0.460 and 0.386.The theanine was negatively correlated with caffeine,EC and non⁃ester cate⁃chins,and correlation coefficients were-0.212,-0.228 and-0.190,respectively.The theanine was extremely negatively correlated with EGCG,ECG,ester catechins and total catechins,whose correlation coefficients were-0.282,-0.414,-0.402 and-0.430,re⁃spectively.5 principal components

关 键 词：黄金芽 杂交后代 遗传多样性 主成分分析 聚类分析 

分 类 号：S571[农业科学—作物学]