日粮粗纤维水平对撒坝母猪及其杂种母猪繁殖性能的影响  

Effects of dietary crude fiber levels on sow reproductive performances of Saba and its hybrid sows

作　　者：张瑜 王孝义[1] 吴彦臻 陈强 任文辉 朱怡轩 李明丽[1] 鲁绍雄[1] ZHANG Yu;WANG Xiao-yi;WU Yan-zhen;CHEN Qiang;REN Wen-hui;ZHU Yi-xuan;LI Ming-li;LU Shao-xiong(Faculty of Animal Science and Technology,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Chuxiong Prefecture Pig Breeding Farm,Chuxiong,Yunnan 675000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,昆明650201 [2]楚雄州种猪场,云南楚雄675000

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2023年第9期2044-2050,共7页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0501206);云南省产业技术领军人才专项(YNWR⁃CYJS⁃2018⁃056);云南省创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目(202104BI090022);云南省重大科技专项计划(202102AE090039)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同日粮粗纤维水平下不同品种(杂交组合)母猪的繁殖性能差异性。【方法】选择2~6胎确认妊娠的撒坝(SB)母猪180头、杜洛克×撒坝(杜撒,DS)和长白×撒坝(长撒,LS)母猪各90头,按照母猪所属家系、胎次、历史繁殖性能等初始条件,将各品种母猪随机分为3组,在妊娠及哺乳阶段分别饲喂3.5%、6.5%和9.5%粗纤维水平的日粮,采用最小二乘模型分析各试验组母猪11项繁殖性能指标的差异。【结果】当日粮粗纤维水平由3.5%提高至6.5%和9.5%时,撒坝母猪的产程显著缩短15.97和26.64 min(P<0.05),杜撒母猪的产程显著缩短10.94和9.60 min(P<0.05),长撒母猪的产程显著缩短59.36和24.82 min(P<0.05),但日粮粗纤维水平为6.5%和9.5%的母猪产程差异不显著(P>0.05);同时,撒坝母猪的仔猪21日龄窝重分别提高3.75 kg(P<0.05)和4.49 kg(P<0.01);杜撒母猪的仔猪21日龄成活数显著提高1.16和2.06头(P<0.05),21日龄窝重显著提高6.28 kg(P<0.05)和15.30 kg(P<0.01),断奶成活数显著提高1.12和1.88头(P<0.05),断奶窝重显著提高11.55和19.57 kg(P<0.05);长撒母猪的仔猪21日龄窝重分别显著提高8.78 kg(P<0.05)和10.64 kg(P<0.01),断奶窝重显著提高8.78和14.87 kg(P<0.05)。【结论】撒坝、杜撒和长撒母猪具有良好的耐粗饲特性,高水平粗纤维日粮对杜撒和长撒母猪哺育性能的改善幅度大于撒坝母猪。适度高粗纤维日粮饲喂下,撒坝、杜撒及长撒母猪的繁殖性能不仅不会降低,反而会有所改善。【Objective】The present experiment aimed to investigate the difference of the reproductive performances of Saba and its hybrid sows with different dietary crude fiber levels.【Method】Pregnant sows of parity 2 to 6 of 180 Saba(SB),90 Duroc×Saba(DS)and 90 Land⁃race×Saba(LS)were selected for experiment.The sows of the same breed or hybridized combination were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the initial conditions of the sow's family,parity and historical reproductive performance.During the pregnancy and lactation pe⁃riods,the 3 groups sows were fed different diets with 3.5%,6.5%and 9.5%crude fiber(CF)levels,respectively.The differences of 11 reproductive performance indexes among 3 groups were analyzed by least square model.【Result】When the dietary crude fiber levels increased from 3.5%to 6.5%and 9.5%,the farrowing progress(FP)of SB sows were significantly shortened by 15.97 min(P<0.05)and 26.64 min(P<0.05),the FP of DS sows were significantly shortened by 10.94 min(P<0.05)and 9.60 min(P<0.05),and the FP of LS sows were significantly shortened by 59.36 min(P<0.05)and 24.82 min(P<0.05),respectively.However,there was no sig⁃nificant difference between the sow FP with the dietary crude fiber levels of 6.5%and 9.5%(P>0.05).The litter weight at 21 days(LW21D)of piglets of SB sows significantly increased by 3.75 kg(P<0.05)and 4.49 kg(P<0.01);The number of piglets at 21 days of the DS sows significantly increased by 1.16(P<0.05)and 2.06(P<0.05),LW21D increased by 6.28 kg(P<0.05)and 15.30 kg(P<0.01),number weaned increased by 1.12 and 1.88(P<0.05),and litter weight at weaning(LWW)increased by 11.55 and 19.57 kg(P<0.05);The LW21D of LS sows significantly increased by 8.78 kg(P<0.05)and 10.64 kg(P<0.01),and LWW in⁃creased by 8.78 and 14.87 kg(P<0.05),respectively.【Conclusion】The results of the study indicated that the sows of SB,DS and LS had good resistances to crude feed.For different pig breeds(hybridized combinations),the high level of crude fiber diet could improve the nursing performa

关 键 词：撒坝猪 粗纤维日粮 产程 产仔性能 哺育性能 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]