从殷代文字正体角度谈谈历组卜辞特征字  

On Li-Group Featured-Characters in the Standardized Form of Chinese Yin-dynasty Characters

作　　者：刘源[1,2,3] Liu Yuan

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院 [2]中国社会科学院甲骨学殷商史研究中心 [3]中国历史研究院中华文明与世界古文明比较研究中心

出　　处：《故宫博物院院刊》2023年第10期4-9,131,共7页Palace Museum Journal

基　　金：“古文字与中华文明传承发展工程”规划项目“殷墟甲骨文史料解读”(项目编号:G1603);国家社科基金冷门绝学专项“甲骨学导论”(项目编号:2018VJX077)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：殷代文字分为正体与变体。正体以青铜器铭文为代表,变体以甲骨文为代表。进行甲骨卜辞字体分类工作,要留意正体和变体的区别。历组卜辞特征字,整体上保持了正体的特点,历组二类尤其明显,并影响了无名组卜辞字体。历组一类字体有笔画圆转、字体简化的特点,可能是继承了师组的风格。历组倾向于正体的作风,反映了小屯村中南一系的传统。此外,研究历组卜辞的时代,需重视从戈之字的直柲特征,这是时代较早的证据。The Chinese Yin-dynasty characters are divided into two types in form--orthography and variation.The former is standardized with the bronze scripts as the model,whereas the latter is modified with the oracle bone scripts as the typical.So it is required that the two forms be right recognized for a classification of oracle bone inscriptions by font.The Li-group featured-character is as a whole standardized in form,which has Li-group Class II as the typical above all to impact the Wuming-group(untitled-group)characters in a way.Relatively,Li-group Class I is simplified in form with rounded strokes probably taking after the Shi-group characters in style.The orthographic Li-group character represents the traditional south-central lineage of Xiaotun Village.What's more,it is proposed that the戈-based characters with upright-handled radical as the earlier evidences be taken into account in the study of the ages of the Li-group characters.

关 键 词：殷代文字 正体 历组卜辞 特征字 

分 类 号：K877.1[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]