土壤对草果产量和药材品质的影响  

Influence of Soil on the Production and Medicinal Materials Quality of Amomum tsaoko

作　　者：刘小莉 和俊才 赵小丽 穆明兴 和雨秋 周继兰 杨耀文 LIU Xiao-li;HE Jun-cai;ZHAO Xiao-li;MU Ming-xing;HE Yu-qiu;ZHOU Ji-lan;YANG Yao-wen(College of Chinese Materia Medica and Yunnan Key Laboratory of Southern Medicinal Utilization,Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine,Kunming 650500,China;Nujiang Research Institute of Green Spice Indus-try,Lushui Yunnan,673200,China;People’s Hospital of Dehong Introduction,Mangshi Yunnan,678400,China)

机构地区：[1]云南中医药大学中药学院暨云南省南药可持续利用研究重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [2]怒江绿色香料产业研究院,云南泸水673200 [3]云南省德宏州人民医院,云南潞西678400

出　　处：《时珍国医国药》2023年第8期1980-1983,共4页Lishizhen Medicine and Materia Medica Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81660631);云南省科技人才和平台计划(202105AG070012);云南省应用基础研究—中医联合重点项目(202101AZ070001-005,2018FF001-010)。

摘　　要：目的探寻土壤对草果产量、质量的影响,为栽培管理提供指导。方法分析不同土壤条件下草果种子挥发油含量、种子千粒重等数量性状的变化。结果种子挥发油含量与土壤有机质、水解性氮、空隙度、有效硼、有效硫、有效铁有极显著正相关性(P≤0.01),与土壤pH值、比重、容重有极显著负相关性(P≤0.01);种子千粒重与土壤pH值有显著负相关性(P≤0.05),与锌、铅、镉、砷、汞含量有极显著负相关性(P≤0.01)。结论土壤有机质、水解性氮、有效硼、有效硫、有效铁的增高,偏酸性、疏松的土壤有利于种子挥发油产生和积累。土壤重金属元素导致草果产量和品质下降。Objective To explore the influence of soil on the production and the medicinal materials quality of Amomum tsaoko,providing guidance to its culture.Methods Analysizing the variations of the seed essential oil content,thousand seed weight,and other quantitative characters of A.tsaoko under the different edaphic conditions.Results For the volatile oil content of seed,there were greatly significantly positive correlations to the soil organic matter,hydrolyzed nitrogen,soil porosity,effective boron,effective sulfur,effective iron,respectively(P≤0.01),and negative correlations to soil pH,both specific gravity and volume weight of soil,respectively(P≤0.01).For thousand seed weight,there were significantly negative correlations to soil pH(P≤0.05),there were greatly significantly negative correlations with zinc,lead,cadmium,arsenic and mercury content in soil,re⁃spectively(P≤0.01).Conclusion In the present study,increasing of soil organic matter,hydrolyzed nitrogen,effective boron,effective sulfur,effective iron,as well as partial acid and loose soil would be beneficial for the volatile oil of seed to generation and accumulation.Soil heavy mental led to the decrease of the yield and quality of A.tsaoko.

关 键 词：草果 种子挥发油含量 种子千粒重 土壤理化性质 药材品质 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]