氮磷肥不同施用量对“保大麦20号”农艺性状和产量的影响  

Effects of Different Application Rates of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fertilizers on Agronomic Characters and Yield of ‘Baodamai 20’

作　　者：赵加涛[1] 刘猛道[1] 付正波[1] 杨向红[1] 字尚永[1] ZHAO Jia-tao;LIU Meng-dao;FU Zheng-bo(Baoshan Institution of Agricultural Sciences,Baoshan,Yunnan 678000)

机构地区：[1]保山市农业科学研究所,云南保山678000

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2023年第22期145-147,共3页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家大麦青稞产业技术体系项目“保山综合试验站”(CARS-05);云南省技术创新人才培养对象项目(202105AD160044);云南省重大科技专项(202102AE090014-3)。

摘　　要：为了探索“保大麦20号”最佳氮肥和磷肥用量,在其他条件相同的情况下,以氮肥和磷肥为试验因素,分别设3个水平,共9个处理,进行氮磷肥合理配比最佳施肥量试验。结果表明,施尿素在375~525kg/hm^(2),产量随着施氮的增加而增加,继续增加氮肥用量产量会降低;施普通过磷酸钙450~600kg/hm^(2),产量随着施磷的增加而增加,但增产不明显,继续增加磷肥用量产量会降低;氮磷肥对增加有效穗、穗实粒数、千粒重有促进作用,但用量不宜过大;“保大麦20号”最佳氮磷配比为施尿素525 kg/hm^(2)、过磷酸钙450 kg/hm^(2)。In order to explore the optimal amount of nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers for‘Baodamai 20’,under the same other conditions,nitrogen and phosphate fertilizers were used as experimental factors,and three levels were set for a total of 9 treatments to carry out a reasonable combination of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers.The results showed that when urea was applied in the range of 375-525 kg/hm^(2),the yield increased with the increase of nitrogen application.If the amount of nitrogen fertilizer continued to increase,the yield would decrease;when superphosphate was applied at 450-600 kg/hm^(2),the yield increased with the increase of phosphorus application,but the increase was not obvious.If the amount of phosphate fertilizer continued to increase,the yield would decrease;nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers could promote the increase of effective ears,grains per ear,and 1000-grain weight,but the amount should not be excessive.The best nitrogen and phosphorus ratio of‘Baodamai 20’was urea 525 kg/hm^(2)and superphosphate 450 kg/hm^(2).

关 键 词：大麦 氮肥 磷肥 农艺性状 产量 收益 投入产出比 

分 类 号：S512.32[农业科学—作物学]