电流、电位时域谱在绝缘介质介电特性表征中的应用研究综述  

Review of Application of Current and Voltage Spectrum in Time Domain in Characterization of Dielectric Properties in Insulating Dielectrics

作　　者：孙云龙 郭文敏[1] 郑欢[1] 韩永森[1] 李忠华[1] SUN Yunlong;GUO Wenmin;ZHENG Huan;HAN Yongsen;LI Zhonghua(Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectric and Its Application,Ministry of Education(Harbin University of Science and Technology),Harbin 150080,Heilongjiang Province,China)

机构地区：[1]工程电介质及其应用技术教育部重点实验室(哈尔滨理工大学),黑龙江省哈尔滨市150080

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第20期8124-8140,共17页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51837003,52007043);黑龙江省自然科学基金团队项目(TD2019E002)。

摘　　要：随着人类社会对电力系统安全性与稳定性需求的不断提高,以及近年来我国能源、国防等领域的飞速发展和进步,提高绝缘介质以及新型电工材料的介电性能和绝缘可靠性的需求也在与日俱增。准确评估绝缘的介电性能和老化状态是保障绝缘结构长期稳定运行的前提,同时对新型电工材料的研发也具有一定的指导意义。该文综述了时域介电谱中的电流时域谱和电位时域谱在绝缘介质介电特性表征和绝缘状态诊断中的应用,详细阐述极化去极化电流谱、等温松弛电流谱、热刺激电流谱和交流时域谱以及表面电位衰减谱和回复电压谱的基本测量原理和分析方法,指出当前时域介电谱在应用中存在的局限性,并展望多种测试技术的联合应用将是实现对电介质介电特性全面表征的有效途径。With the increasing demand for safety and stability of power system in human society and the rapid development and progress in energy,national defense and other fields in our country in recent years,demand for better dielectric properties,reliability of insulating materials and new electrical materials is also growing day by day.Accurately evaluating the dielectric properties and aging state of the dielectrics is the premise to ensure the long-term stable operation of the insulating structure,and it also has certain guiding significance for the study and development of new electrical materials.The current and voltage spectrum in time domain are two main kinds of dielectric spectroscopy in time domain,whose application in characterization of dielectric properties of insulating dielectrics and diagnosis of insulation state is reviewed in this paper.The basic measurement principles and analysis methods of the polarization and depolarization current(PDC)spectrum,isothermal relaxation current(IRC)spectrum,thermally stimulated current(TSC)spectrum and AC spectrum in time domain,as well as surface potential decay(SPD)spectrum and recovery voltage(RV)spectrum are elaborated.The limitations of these methods are pointed out.It is expected that the combined application of various testing techniques and methods will provide an effective way to fully characterize the dielectric properties of dielectrics.

关 键 词：时域介电谱 电导 极化 陷阱 介电特性表征 

分 类 号：TM85[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]