白芷根际促生真菌筛选及其促生效果研究  

Screening and promoting effect of grow-promoting fungi in rhizosphere of Angelica dahurica var.formosana

作　　者：江美彦 刘仁浪 周杨 刘思琴 杨云舒 姚菲 杜宣 陈银银 冯冬菊 徐东北 吴卫[1] JIANG Mei-yan;LIU Ren-lang;ZHOU Yang;LIU Si-qin;YANG Yun-shu;YAO Fei;DU Xuan;CHEN Yin-yin;FENG Dong-ju;XU Dong-bei;WU Wei(College of Agronomy,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学农学院,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国中药杂志》2023年第19期5172-5180,共9页China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica

基　　金：四川省科学技术厅重点研发项目(2022YFS0582);四川省中医药重点学科建设项目(2021-16-4);四川农业大学学科建设双支计划-学科创新团队项目(P202108)。

摘　　要：化肥的过度施用已在白芷种植中造成产量下降、品质退化等诸多问题。为推动白芷绿色栽培模式,挖掘白芷根际真菌资源,该研究分别从道地及非道地产区白芷根际分离、筛选具有固氮、溶磷、解钾、产铁载体和产吲哚乙酸(IAA)促生特性的白芷根际真菌,结合形态特征及ITS rDNA序列对菌株进行综合鉴定,采用盆栽试验验证其促生效果。结果表明,通过各促生活性从道地和非道地白芷根际分离筛选获得了37株促生真菌,多为镰孢菌属Fusarium,且道地产区白芷根际可培养的促生真菌种类较非道地产区的更为丰富多样。所有菌株中以黑曲霉ZJ-17的综合促生潜力最强,在室外不施肥的条件下,接种ZJ-17对种植于道地和非道地产区土壤的白芷的生长、产量和有效成分积累均有显著的促进作用,增产率分别为73.59%、37.84%,一定程度上缓解了不额外施肥对白芷生长的限制。因此,黑曲霉ZJ-17在白芷增产保质、化肥减施上具有极大的应用前景,可实际应用于促进白芷生长,制备生物肥料上。Excessive application of chemical fertilizer has caused many problems in Angelica dahurica var.formosana planting,such as yield decline and quality degradation.In order to promote the green cultivation mode of A.dahurica var.formosana and explore rhizosphere fungus resources,the rhizosphere fungi with nitrogen fixation,phosphorus solubilization,potassium solubilization,iron-producing carrier,and IAA-producing properties were isolated and screened in the rhizosphere of A.dahurica var.formosana from the genuine and non-genuine areas,respectively.The strains were identified comprehensively in light of the morphological characteristics and ITS rDNA sequences,and the growth-promoting effect of the screened strains was verified by pot experiment.The results showed that 37 strains of growth-promoting fungi were isolated and screened from the rhizosphere of A.dahurica var.formosana,mostly belonging to Fusarium.The cultured rhizosphere growth-promoting fungi of A.dahurica var.formosana were more abundant and diverse in the genuine producing areas than in the non-genuine producing areas.Among all strains,Aspergillus niger ZJ-17 had the strongest growth promotion potential.Under the condition of no fertilization outdoors,ZJ-17 inoculation significantly promoted the growth,yield,and accumulation of effective components of A.dahurica var.formosana planted in the soil of genuine and non-genuine producing areas,with yield increases of 73.59% and 37.84%,respectively.To a certain extent,it alleviated the restriction without additional fertilization on the growth of A.dahurica var.formosana.Therefore,A.niger ZJ-17 has great application prospects in increasing yield and quality of A.dahurica var.formosana and reducing fertilizer application and can be actually applied in promoting the growth of A.dahurica var.formosana and producing biofertilizer.

关 键 词：白芷 根际真菌 促生 黑曲霉 

分 类 号：S567.239[农业科学—中草药栽培]