用于热障涂层的高熵陶瓷材料研究进展  

Research Progress of High-entropy Ceramics Materials for Thermal Barrier Coatings

作　　者：刘嘉航 吕哲 周艳文[1] 解志文 陈浩 程蕾 LIU Jiahang;LYU Zhe;ZHOU Yanwen;XIE Zhiwen;CHEN Hao;CHENG Lei(School of Materials and Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China;School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation,University of Science and Technology Liaoning,Anshan 114051,Liaoning,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁科技大学材料与冶金学院,辽宁鞍山114051 [2]辽宁科技大学机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁鞍山114051

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第22期80-90,共11页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51702145)。

摘　　要：热障涂层是一种应用于涡轮发动机热端部件,具有隔热作用的陶瓷涂层。随着航空航天技术的不断发展,涡轮发动机推重比逐渐增加,不断提高的涡轮前进口温度以及更加恶劣的使用环境对热障涂层陶瓷材料提出了更高要求。近年来已有多种陶瓷被认为具有应用于热障涂层的潜力,其中高熵陶瓷因其优异的热力学性能、杰出的隔热能力而受到研究人员的关注。在此基础上,本文综述了高熵陶瓷成分设计的三种判据,包括原子尺寸判据、晶格参数判据以及熵判据,并总结了不同判据在实际陶瓷成分设计上的局限性;总结了高熵陶瓷合成方式并重点介绍了固相反应法、溶胶-凝胶法、共沉淀法与溶液燃烧法,对比了不同制备方式合成陶瓷粉末的优缺点;归纳了热障涂层用高熵陶瓷的三种结构,包括烧绿石/萤石结构、独居石结构以及钙钛矿结构;重点综述了高熵陶瓷的性能特点,包括隔热性能、热力学性能、抗腐蚀性能以及化学相容性,并分析了多组元掺杂优化陶瓷性能的机理;最后展望了高熵陶瓷在热障涂层应用中的发展方向。The thermal barrier coating is a surface technology applied to the hot end components of a turbine engine and has a thermal insulation effect.With the continuous development of aerospace technology,the thrust-weight ratio of turbine engines increases gradually.The increasing inlet temperature of the turbine and the worse use environment put forward higher requirements for thermal barrier coating ceramic materials.In recent years,a variety of ceramics have been considered to have potential applications in thermal barrier coatings.High entropy ceramics have attracted much attention due to their excellent thermodynamic properties and excellent thermal insulation.On this basis,three criteria for high-entropy ceramic composition design were reviewed,including atomic size criterion,lattice parameter criterion,and entropy criterion.The limitations of different criteria in actual ceramic composition design were summarized.The synthesis methods of high-entropy ceramics were summarized,and the solid-state reaction,sol-gel,co-precipitation,and solution combustion methods were definitely introduced,and the advantages and disadvantages of different preparation methods for synthesizing ceramic powders were compared.Three structures of high entropy ceramics for thermal barrier coatings were summarized,including pyrochlore/fluorite structure,monazite structure,and perovskite structure.The performance characteristics of high entropy ceramics,including thermal insulation,thermodynamic properties,corrosion resistance,and chemical compatibility were reviewed,and the mechanism of multi-component doping to optimize the performance of ceramics was analyzed.Finally,the development direction of high entropy ceramics in the application of thermal barrier coatings had prospected.

关 键 词：热障涂层 高熵陶瓷 成分设计 合成方式 晶体结构 使用性能 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]