关于生物炭的四重功能化改性及其吸附环境污染物机制的综述  

Quadruple Functional Modification of Biochar and Its Sorption Mechanisms of Environmental Contaminants:a Review

作　　者：聂若楠 王旺民 曹丽娟 徐慧敏 储刚 秦文秀 王振[1] 司友斌[1] NIE Ruonan;WANG Wangmin;CAO Lijuan;XU Huimin;CHU Gang;QIN Wenxiu;WANG Zhen;SI Youbin(School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第22期238-246,共9页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42107406);安徽省自然科学基金(2008085QD186);安徽省高校自然科学研究项目(KJ2019A0204)。

摘　　要：生物炭是在缺氧或限氧环境下利用生物质废弃物裂解而成的一类富炭物质。作为一类可资源再生的富炭材料,生物炭的功能化改性成为近年来研究的热点方向。通过改性技术设计出特定的炭基界面结构、转换生物炭的性质,以增强生物炭在固碳、改良土壤肥力、环境污染修复等方面的应用潜力。生物炭改性涉及到多重方法,包括物理改性和化学改性。改性方法的适用性取决于改性生物炭的使用目的,如应用的环境条件或污染物类型(无机/有机物、亲/疏水性污染物、分/离子型污染物)等。为帮助评价改性生物炭用于土壤和水体系统的污染物阻控效果,本文概述了生物炭基于孔隙演化、基团修饰、电荷涂覆和赋磁的四重改性方法,并归纳了改性生物炭吸附环境污染物(重金属和有机物)的机制,以及针对改性生物炭的功能性、稳定性及其环境风险进行了展望。改性生物炭在环境修复领域的应用将为污染物的管理策略提供强有力的技术支撑。Biochar is aclass of carbon-rich products by the pyrolysis of biomass wastes at oxygen-limited conditions.As a carbon-based material,the functional modification of biochar has been attracting more and more interests in recent years.To enhance the potential of biochar application in carbon sequestration,soil fertility improvement,environmental pollution remediation,modification techniques are used to design specific interface structures and to modify the properties of biochar.Biochar modification involves multiple methods,including physical and chemical modification.The applicability of the modification method depends on its intended use of modified biochar according to its environmental conditions or the types of pollutants(such as inorganic/organic contaminants,hydrophilic/hydrophobic pollutants,molecular/ionic compounds).To better eva-luate the pollution management after the application of modified biochar into soil/water system,this review summarized the quadruple modification method based on porous evolution,group modification,charge coating and magnetization,and concluded the sorption mechanism of environmental pollutants(heavy metals and organics)onto modified biochar.Finally,this review also put forward suggestions for improvement in the functionality,stability and environmental risk of modified biochar,providing a strong technical support for the pollution management strategy.

关 键 词：改性生物炭 孔隙演化 基团修饰 电荷涂覆 赋磁 吸附机制 

分 类 号：TB321[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]