毫秒脉冲星观测反演台站原子钟行为研究  

Retrieval of the hydrogen maser’s behavior at local station using observations of millisecond pulsars

作　　者：王啸威 闫振[1,2,3,4] 沈志强 王玲玲[1,3] 吴亚军 赵融冰[1,2,3] 黄志鹏 王睿[1,2] WANG Xiao-wei;YAN Zhen;SHEN Zhi-qiang;WANG Ling-ing;WU Ya-jun;ZHAO Rong-bing;HUANG Zhi-peng;WANG Rui(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Shanghai Frontier Science Center of Gravitational Wave Detection,Shanghai 200240,China;Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;School of Physical Science and Technology,Shanghai Tech University,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]中国科学院大学天文与空间科学学院,北京100049 [3]上海市引力波探测前沿科学研究基地,上海200240 [4]中国科学院射电天文重点实验室,南京210008 [5]上海科技大学物质科学与技术学院,上海201210

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2023年第3期217-226,共10页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFA1603104);上海市自然科学基金资助项目(20ZR1467600)。

摘　　要：氢原子钟作为高精度时间和频率系统的核心部件,在射电天文观测、高精度时间计量、空间导航等领域获得广泛应用。尽管氢原子钟具有极高的短期稳定性,但是其长期稳定度会受到各种环境因素的影响。毫秒脉冲星因其超乎寻常的长期稳定自转频率特性被誉为“挂在天上的钟”,在时间保持、深空导航等方面具有重要的潜在应用价值。本文基于上海天马望远镜毫秒脉冲星计时观测资料对有关问题进行了研究,成功反演出台站氢原子钟的历史行为,包括时钟跳跃、换钟等。通过分段拟合其计时残差中偏离白噪声的长期趋势成功获得氢原子钟速。综合考虑上述历史行为后获得了基于该毫秒脉冲星的时钟改正文件,将其用于天马望远镜其他多颗毫秒脉冲星计时分析并取得了非常理想的效果。As the core component of a high-precision time and frequency system,the hydrogen maser clock has been widely used in radio astronomy observation,high-precision time measurement,space navigation and other fields.Although the hydrogen maser clock is extremely stable in the short term,its long-term stability could be affected by various environmental factors.The millisecond pulsar(MSP)is known as the“clock on the sky”because of its extraordinary long-term stable rotation frequency characteristics and its important potential application value in time maintenance,deep space navigation and other fields.Deep studies in these fields were done based on the timing observation data on MSPs with the Shanghai Tianma Radio Telescope(TMRT),and the historical behavior of the hydrogen atomic clock at the station,including clock jumping and changing,were successfully retrieved.The hydrogen maser clock speed is successfully obtained by fitting the long-term trend of deviation from white noise in timing residuals.Considering the above historical behavior,we obtained the clock-correction file based on pulsar timing.We applied this file to the timing analysis of other MSPs in the TMRT and achieved very good results.

关 键 词：毫秒脉冲星 PSR J1713+0747 脉冲星计时 氢原子钟 钟差改正 

分 类 号：P127.1[天文地球—天体测量]