主动型氢原子钟数字电路控制系统研究  

Research on digital circuit control system of active hydrogen maser

作　　者：胡旺旺 王瑞[1] 帅涛 陈鹏飞[2] 裴雨贤[2] 赵阳[2] 潘晓燕[2] 徐昊天 杨士涛 HU Wang-wang;WANG Rui;SHUAI Tao;CHEN Peng-fei;PEI Yu-xian;ZHAO Yang;PAN Xiao-yan;XU Hao-tian;YANG Shi-tao(Shanghai University,Shanghai 200444,China;Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;Innovation Academy for Microsatellites of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海大学,上海200444 [2]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [3]中国科学院微小卫星创新研究院,上海200120

出　　处：《时间频率学报》2023年第3期227-236,共10页Journal of Time and Frequency

基　　金：中国科学院青年创新促进会资助项目(2020264)。

摘　　要：主动型氢钟在频率稳定度和漂移率等方面优于目前在轨的星载被动型氢钟,但是存在体积重量较大的缺点。为进一步降低电路部分重量,本文提出一种基于数字电路的系统控制方法。该方法通过分析影响主动型氢原子钟频率稳定度的因素,使用数字检波、数字下变频、数字锁相环等数字化方式进行腔自动调谐和晶振锁相,提高了电路系统集成度和灵活度,降低了电路体积和重量。实验结果显示,设计的数字电路控制系统实现了恒温晶振频率的锁定和谐振腔谐振频率的锁定,其秒频率稳定度为2.6×10^(-13),较模拟电路控制系统提升了30%,万秒频率稳定度指标接近,具有一定的工程实用价值。该方案可用于下一代北斗导航卫星星载氢钟设计,也可用于深空探测和脉冲星计时等应用场景。The active hydrogen maser is better than the current in orbit space passive hydrogen maser in terms of frequency stability and drift rate,but it has the disadvantage of big volume and large weight.In order to further reduce the weight of the circuit part,we propose a systematic control method based on digital circuits.By analyzing the factors that affect the frequency stability of the active hydrogen maser,this method uses digital methods such as digital demodulation,digital down-conversion,digital phase-lock loop to perform cavity auto-tuning and crystal oscillator phase-locking.It improves the integration and flexibility of the circuit system.It reduces circuit volume and weight.The experimental results show that the designed digital circuit control system has achieved the frequency locking of the constant temperature crystal oscillator and the resonant frequency locking of the cavity.Its frequency stability is 2.59×10^(-13) at 1 second,which is 30%lower than that of the analog circuit control system.The frequency stability at 10000 seconds is close to that of the analog circuit control system.It has certain practical engineering value.This scheme can be used in the design of hydrogen maser for next-generation Beidou navigation space satellites and can also be used in application scenarios such as deep space exploration and pulsar timing.

关 键 词：主动型氢原子钟 数字电路 腔自动调谐 频率稳定度 

分 类 号：TH714.14[机械工程—测试计量技术及仪器]