黄淮海地区夏大豆农艺性状的综合评价及通径分析  

Comprehensive Agronomic Traits Evaluation and Path Analysis of Summer Soybean in Huang-Huai-Hai Region

作　　者：昝凯 王凤菊[1] 陈亚光[1] 杨雨阳 牛永锋[1] ZAN Kai;WANG Fengju;CHEN Yaguang;YANG Yuyang;NIU Yongfeng(Anyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/High Quality Soybean Improvement Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province,Anyang,Henan 455000,China)

机构地区：[1]安阳市农业科学院/河南省优质大豆改良工程技术研究中心,河南安阳455000

出　　处：《天津农业科学》2023年第10期18-24,共7页Tianjin Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：安阳市重点研发与推广专项(2022C01NY008)。

摘　　要：为研究单项农艺性状对综合性状的影响,以2018—2022年黄淮海夏大豆南片区域试验中完成2年试验的59份大豆品种(系)为材料,采用变异分析、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数分析、主成分分析、隶属函数分析、逐步回归和通径分析等方法,对9个农艺性状进行综合分析评价。结果表明:有效分枝的变异系数最大(32.79%),生育期的变异系数(2.77%)和遗传多样性指数均最小(1.8976),底荚高的遗传多样性指数最高(2.0791);主成分分析将9个农艺性状指标转换为5个独立的综合指标,累计贡献率达92.262%;利用隶属函数法计算农艺性状的综合评价值(D),综合评价值D与产量及9个农艺性状指标均达极显著相关水平;通过逐步回归建立农艺性状的综合评价模型D=0.539+0.042X_(2)+0.048X_(8)+0.020X_(6)+0.038X_(3)+0.023X_(5)+0.029X_(4)(R^(2)=0.9890,F=761.723,P<0.0001);通径分析表明,多数性状都是通过影响单株粒质量和株高而影响综合性状的。综上,本研究可为黄淮海南片地区选育综合性状优良的大豆品种(系)提供快速、准确的评价方法和理论基础。With 59 soybean varieties(lines)which completed the two-year regional trial of summer soybean in south Huang-Huai-Hai Region from 2018 to 2022,nine agronomic traits were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated by using the methods of variance analysis,shannon-wiener diversity index analysis,principal component analysis,membership function analysis,stepwise regression and path analysis,and the effects of single agronomic traits on comprehensive traits were studied.The results showed that the coefficient of variation of effective branches was the largest(32.79%),the coefficient of variation of growth period(2.77%)and its genetic diversity in Dex were the smallest(1.8976),and the genetic diversity index of bottom pod height was the highest(2.0791).Principal component analysis transformed 9 agronomic traits into 5 independent comprehensive inDicators,with a cumulative contribution rate of 92.262%.The comprehensive evaluation value(D)of agronomic traits was calculated by membership function method,and the comprehensive evaluation value D was significantly correlated with yield and 9 agronomic traits.The comprehensive evaluation model of agronomic traits was established by stepwise regression,D=0.539+0.042X_(2)+0.048X_(8)+0.020X_(6)+0.038X_(3)+0.023X_(5)+0.029X_(4)(R^(2)=0.9890,F=761.723,P<0.0001).Path analysis showed that most agronomic traits affected comprehensive characters by grain weight per plant and plant height.In conclusion,this study can provide a rapid and accurate evaluation method and theoretical basis for breeding soybean varieties(lines)with excellent comprehensive characteristics in the south Huang-Huai-Hai Region.

关 键 词：大豆 主成分分析 综合评价 逐步回归 通径分析 

分 类 号：S565.1[农业科学—作物学]