基于竖缝隔板的大底坡鱼道水力优化数值模拟  

Numerical simulation of a large-slope fishway based on vertical slot sills for hydraulic optimization

作　　者：邓斌[1,2,3] 黄姣凤 徐拓 尹龙斌 张家强 蒋昌波[1,2,3] DENG Bin;HUANG Jiaofeng;XU Tuo;YIN Longbin;ZHANG Jiaqiang;JIANG Changbo(School of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering,Changsha University of Science and Technology,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China;Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province,Changsha 410114,China)

机构地区：[1]长沙理工大学水利与环境工程学院,湖南长沙410114 [2]水沙科学与水灾害防治湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114 [3]洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室,湖南长沙410114

出　　处：《水利水电科技进展》2023年第6期17-23,37,共8页Advances in Science and Technology of Water Resources

基　　金：湖南省科技创新计划项目(2020RC3037,20hnkj019);犬木塘水库工程科技创新项目(2022430119001440);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(QL20210198)。

摘　　要：为了优化大底坡竖缝式鱼道池室水力特性,在验证物理模型的基础上,构建三维水动力数学模型,考虑5种大底坡坡度对竖缝有无隔板及竖缝隔板不同安装高度的池室水力分布进行了数值模拟分析。结果表明,竖缝设置隔板能有效减小池室最大流速和平均湍动能;当底坡为1/20时,池室最大流速下降率为10.16%~14.84%,平均湍动能下降率为21.88%~42.19%,主流最大流速衰减率为61.24%~61.82%,池室内形成了小流速、低湍动的Ω形连续性水流;改变竖缝隔板安装高度会影响隔板上下水深处的竖缝流速大小,但对隔板上下水深处的流速、湍动能、应变率的分布规律无显著影响。In order to optimize the hydraulic characteristics of a large-slope vertical slot fishway pool,a threedimensional hydrodynamic numerical model was constructed on the basis of physical model validation.Numerical simulation was carried out to analyze the hydraulic distributions of the pool with or without the vertical slot sill and with different installation heights of the vertical slot sill,considering five types of large slope gradients.The results demonstrate that the pool’s maximum flow velocity and average turbulent kinetic energy are successfully reduced by setting the sill at the vertical slot.For a 1/20 slope,the maximum flow velocity of the pool is reduced by 10.16%to 14.84%,the average turbulent kinetic energy is dropped by 21.88%to 42.19%,and the mainstream flow velocity decays at a rate of 61.24%to 61.82%.AΩ-shape continuous flow with small flow velocity and low turbulence is formed in the pool.The installation heights of the vertical slot sill can affect the velocity distribution in the water depth above and below the sill,but has no significant effect on the distribution regimes of velocity,turbulence kinetic energy and strain rate in the water depth above and below the sill.

关 键 词：竖缝式鱼道 竖缝隔板 大底坡 水力特性 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TV131.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] S956.3[农业科学—水产养殖]