314例戒烟门诊患者戒烟效果及影响因素  

Outcome and influencing factors of 314 outpatient smoking cessation cases

作　　者：仇一帆 王子涵 高婷婷[2] 王西艳[2] 孙燕[2] 刘粉[2] 亓倩 董亮[1,2] QIU Yifan;WANG Zihan;GAO Tingting;WANG Xiyan;SUN Yan;LIU Fen;QI Qian;DONG Liang(Department of Respiratory,Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital,Shandong University,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China;Department of Respiratory,The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University&Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital,Shandong Institute of Respiratory,Jinan 250014,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学山东省千佛山医院呼吸与危重症医学科,山东济南250014 [2]山东第一医科大学第一附属医院(山东省千佛山医院)呼吸与危重症医学科山东省呼吸疾病研究所,山东济南250014

出　　处：《山东大学学报（医学版）》2023年第10期88-94,共7页Journal of Shandong University:Health Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82270032);山东省重点研发计划(2021SFGC0504);山东省自然科学基金联合基金(ZR2021LSW015);济南市呼吸疾病临床医学研究中心(202132002)。

摘　　要：目的比较药物戒烟与心理行为干预戒烟对实际戒烟效果的影响,对比随访真实世界1个月、3个月及6个月后的戒烟效果及影响因素。方法自2022年6月1日至2022年12月31日于山东省千佛山医院戒烟门诊登记的314名戒烟受试患者,根据受试者意愿分为使用戒烟药物辅助戒烟及心理行为干预戒烟两组,178名吸烟者选择使用药物辅助戒烟(包括113名患者选择安非他酮戒烟、38名患者选择使用伐尼克兰戒烟及27名患者选择使用尼古丁贴片戒烟),定义为治疗组;136名患者心理行为干预戒烟,定义为对照组。使用SPSS 26.0软件统计随访两组患者1个月、3个月及6个月后的戒烟率,分析使用不同药物干预戒烟及心理行为干预戒烟对戒烟效果的差异,分析影响戒烟成功率的因素。结果药物辅助戒烟者成功率为48.3%,心理行为干预辅助戒烟者成功率为13.2%,两组差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=51.714,P<0.05)。教育程度在大学本科及以上以及每日吸烟量控制在1盒(20支)以内的吸烟者更容易实现戒烟,为戒烟成功的保护性因素。结论使用药物辅助戒烟与心理行为干预戒烟都是辅助戒烟的良好方式;相较于心理行为干预,药物辅助戒烟更有助于提高戒烟成功率,尤其在降低复吸率方面很有价值。Objective To compare the effects of drug quitting and psychological behavior intervention on smoking cessation,and to compare the success rate of smoking cessation after 1,3 and 6 months of follow-up in the real world.Methods During Jun.1,2022 and Dec.31,2022,314 smoking cessation patients registered in the Smoking Cessation Clinic of Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital were divided into two groups according to different ways of intervention.The medication-assisted group included 178 smokers who chose to use drugs(113 used Bupropion,38 used Varenicline and 27 used Nicotine patches),while the control group included 136 patients who accepted the psychological behavioral intervention.The smoking cessation rate of the two groups after 1 month,3 months and 6 months were analyzed with SPSS 26.0 software to identify the differences in the effects of interventions and the influencing factors.Results The success rate of drug-assisted quitters was 48.3%,the success rate of psychological behavioral quitters was 13.2%,with statistically significant difference between the two groups(χ^(2)=51.714,P<0.05).Smokers with a bachelors degree or above and a daily smoking limit of less than 1 box(20 cigarettes)were more likely to quit smoking,which were protective factors for smoking cessation success.Conclusion Drug-assisted smoking cessation and psychological behavior intervention are both good ways to assist smoking cessation.The former is more helpful,especially in reducing the rate of relapse.

关 键 词：烟草依赖 戒烟 安非他酮 伐尼克兰 尼古丁贴片 心理行为干预 戒烟成功率 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]