不同苦瓜种质耐热性生理效应的综合分析  

Comprehensive Analysis of Physiological Effect of Different Balsam Pear Germplasm Resources to Heat Stress

作　　者：向华丰[1] 陈麒多 陈思羽 汤青林[2] 陈新中[1] 张洪成[1] 王鹤冰[1] XIANG Hua-feng;CHEN Qi-duo;CHEN Si-yu;TANG Qing-lin;CHEN Xin-zhong;ZHANG Hong-cheng;WANG He-bing(Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chongqing 401329,China;College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市农业科学院,重庆401329 [2]西南大学园艺园林学院,重庆400715

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2023年第9期35-40,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展项目(cstc2019jscx-gksbX0114);重庆市农业科学院市级财政科研项目(cqaas2023sjczhx010)。

摘　　要：以11份苦瓜种质为材料,于夏季高温下田间种植,在苗期和坐瓜初期分别测定其可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸、叶绿素、丙二醛、VC、POD、SOD等耐热性指标,综合评价其生理效应,并以此筛选出了耐热的苦瓜种质资源。方差分析结果表明:不同苦瓜种质对这8项耐热指标的效应均存在显著差异;不同时期(苗期和坐瓜初期)的脯氨酸、可溶性糖、叶绿素、丙二醛、POD、SOD这6项指标的差异显著,而可溶性蛋白和VC含量则差异不显著。因子分析结果表明:可提取3个主成分,其中第1主成分为SOD、丙二醛、叶绿素、脯氨酸;第2主成分为可溶性糖和POD;第3主成分为可溶性蛋白和VC;它们对苦瓜耐热的贡献率和因子得分存在差异。综合评分结果表明:苦瓜在苗期和坐瓜初期的耐热性存在不同程度的差异;筛选出综合耐热性最好的种质1份、耐热性较好的种质8份、不耐热的种质2份。这为进一步开展苦瓜耐热种质创新及新品种的选育提供了较好的种质材料。In this experiment,11 Balsam pear(Momordica charantia L.)accessions were planted in the field under high temperature in summer.The heat tolerance indexes such as soluble protein,soluble sugar,free proline,chlorophyll,malondialdehyde,VC,POD and SOD were determined at seedling stage and fruit setting stage.Then the physiological effects were evaluated and the heat-tolerant Balsam pear resources were screened.The analysis of variance showed that the effects of different balsam pear germplasm on these 8 heat tolerance indexes were significantly different.However,proline,soluble sugar,chlorophyll,MDA,POD and SOD were significantly different at different stages(seedling stage and fruit setting stage),while soluble protein and VC were not remarkably different.Factor analysis showed that three main components could be extracted.The first component contained SOD,malondialdehyde,chlorophyll and proline,the second component contained POD and soluble sugar,and the third principal component contained soluble protein and VC.Their contribution to heat tolerance and factor scores were different.The comprehensive analysis results showed that the heat tolerance of balsam pear was different to some degree between seedling stage and fruit setting stage.One germplasm with best heat-resistance,eight good heat-resistant germplasm and two germplasm without heat-resistance were screened in this study,respectively.This laid a foundation for further innovation of balsam pear heat-tolerant germplasm and breeding of new varieties.

关 键 词：苦瓜 耐热 生理指标 因子分析 

分 类 号：S642.5[农业科学—蔬菜学]