连续流变挤压与热处理对6061合金线材组织性能的影响  

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure Evolution in 6061 Alloy Wire with Continuous Rheo-Extrusion and Heat Treatment

作　　者：付博文 李冰[1] 陈星合 于容周 祁伟[1] 管仁国 Fu Bowen;Li Bing;Chen Xinghe;Yu Rongzhou;Qi Wei;Guan Renguo(Engineering Research Center of Continuous Extrusion,Ministry of Education,Key Laboratory of Near-Net Forming of Light Metals of Liaoning Province,Dalian Jiaotong University,Dalian 116028,China)

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学连续挤压教育部工程研究中心,辽宁省轻质金属材料近净成形重点实验室,辽宁大连116028

出　　处：《稀有金属》2023年第8期1070-1078,共9页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFB2001800);国家自然科学基金面上项目(51871184);东莞研究生工作站项目(2020190030032);2021年大连市高层次人才创新支持计划项目(2021RD06)资助。

摘　　要：为探索铝材短流程制备工艺,以及制备高性能的铝合金材料,采用连续流变挤压成形技术制备了直径为9.5 mm的6061合金线材,研究了实验工艺条件及热处理工艺对连续流变挤压成形制得的6061铝合金线材的微观组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:连续流变挤压制备直径为9.5 mm的6061合金线材最佳浇注温度为720℃,最佳挤压速度为0.157 m·s^(-1);当时效温度由160℃升至175℃时,6061合金线材的抗拉强度由270.14 MPa升至274.11 MPa,断后伸长率由18.02%降至16.32%;时效温度继续升至190℃时,抗拉强度由274.11 MPa降至265.12 MPa,断后伸长率由16.32%降至13.16%;连续流变挤压制备的6061合金在535℃固溶3 h,175℃时效4 h后,与时效温度160和190℃相比抗拉强度最高,为274.11 MPa,断后伸长率为16.32%,与一般工业用铝及铝合金挤压型材标准下T6态6061合金线材相比,抗拉强度提高5.43%,断后伸长率提高104%。As a typical Al-Mg-Si alloy,6061 alloy has excellent plasticity,superior mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.6061 alloy was widely used around the world as a common metal for automotive industry and aeronautical materials.In the process of application,6061 alloy prepared by traditional methods often has low hardness and low mechanical properties after aging.The requirements for automotive materials and aeronautical materials are becoming more and more stringent,its properties need further improved and the manufacturing cost need reduced.As a low-cost semisolid metal processing technique,continuous rheo-extrusion process was proposed in recent years.The continuous rheo-extrusion process has the characteristics of short process,high efficiency and energy saving,compared with the conventional metal processing methods,the energy consumption saved by more than 40% and the cost reduced by more than 30%.The basic principle of this technique is that mushy zone exists during continuous casting and extrusion process,melt is sheared and stirred by rotary work roll to refine and spheroidise solid phases during solidification,integrating slurry preparation with extrusion.During continuous rheo-extrusion process,the initial and final periods of casting operation are the nonequilibrium stages.Technical parameters have great influences on the process stability and mechanical properties of product,for instance,excessive extrusion speed will lead to instability in the production process.In order to explore the short manufacturing process of aluminum alloy,6061 alloy wire with diameter 9.5 mm was prepared by continuous rheo-extrusion.6061 alloy was melted at 700~760℃,the melt was refined by refining agent for 20~30 min to remove the oxides and impurities after being melted.The process parameters such as casting temperature and extrusion speed were strictly controlled in the experiment.After rheo-extrusion process,continuous solution treatment was applied for 6061 alloy at 535℃for 3 h,and aging treatment at 150~190℃

关 键 词：6061合金 连续流变挤压 热处理 组织性能 

分 类 号：TG146[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]