成孔工艺和SiC纳米线对SiOC多孔陶瓷结构与性能的影响  

Structure and Properties of SiOC Porous Ceramics under Different Pore-Forming Processes and SiC Nanowires

作　　者：覃枫 张军战[1,2] 张颖 王鹏[1] 杨明辉 石鑫 Qin Feng;Zhang Junzhan;Zhang Ying;Wang Peng;Yang Minghui;Shi Xin(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Materials and Technology,Xi'an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]陕西省纳米材料与技术重点实验室,陕西西安710055

出　　处：《稀有金属》2023年第8期1178-1185,共8页Chinese Journal of Rare Metals

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2020SF-426);国防科技重点实验室基金项目(614291104011317)资助。

摘　　要：以硅树脂RSN-6018为陶瓷前驱体聚合物、偶氮二甲酰胺为发泡剂、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯为造孔剂、氯化钴为金属离子催化剂,分别采用前驱体自发泡、发泡剂法以及添加造孔剂法,在Ar气氛中于1400℃高温裂解转化制备分级多孔的硅氧碳(SiOC)多孔陶瓷。同时引入金属离子催化剂促进SiOC多孔陶瓷中原位生长碳化硅(SiC)纳米线。研究了不同成孔工艺得到的SiOC多孔陶瓷的孔结构与性能,探讨了催化剂对SiC纳米线的原位生长以及SiOC多孔陶瓷力学性能的影响规律。研究表明,不同成孔工艺制备的SiOC多孔陶瓷的孔结构具有明显差异,进而对性能影响较大;氯化钴的添加促进了SiC纳米线的原位生长,提高了SiOC多孔陶瓷的力学性能;以聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯微球(PMMA)为造孔剂、氯化钴为催化剂制备的SiOC多孔陶瓷的显气孔率为46.3%,耐压强度最高达29.6 MPa,与未添加催化剂的样品相比提升了31.5%。The precursor polymer conversion method is a new method for preparing porous ceramics.It has more excellent characteristics such as low preparation temperature,designable composition and structure,and easy molding of complex-shaped components,which is significantly better than traditional methods.Among them,SiOC porous ceramics are a type of material that has attracted much attention in the field of materials science.It has excellent properties such as high temperature resistance,thermal shock resistance,corrosion resistance,and oxidation resistance.It is used in high-temperature gas or molten metal filtration,catalyst carriers,heat exchangers,etc.The field has important application value and is also one of the most potential materials.However,different application fields put forward different requirements on the pore structure and performance of porous ceramics.The pore structure obtained by different processes is different.Even under the same apparent porosity conditions,the pore morphology,pore size and distribution are also different.In turn,it has a great impact on the performance of porous ceramic products.Therefore,how to design the pore structure and parameters of SiOC porous ceramics and select the corresponding preparation process is a key issue.This article used silicone resin RSN-6018 as the ceramic precursor polymer,azodicarbonamide(ADC)as the foaming agent,polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA)as the pore former,and cobalt chloride(CoCl_(2)·6H_(2)O)as the metal ion.catalyst.Precursor self-foaming,foaming agent method,and pore-forming agent method were used respectively to prepare hierarchical porous silicon-oxy-carbon(SiOC)porous ceramics by pyrolysis and conversion at 1400℃ in Ar atmosphere.In addition,in order to improve the mechanical properties of SiOC porous ceramics,adding one-dimensional reinforcing materials(SiC whiskers,carbon nanotubes or SiC nanowires)was an effective method.However,external reinforcement materials had problems such as difficulty in uniform dispersion,poor interface bonding,and

关 键 词：发泡剂 造孔剂 催化剂 SIC纳米线 SiOC多孔陶瓷 

分 类 号：TQ174[化学工程—陶瓷工业]