局地气候区改变对城市地表热岛强度的影响  

Impact of Local Climate Zone Change on Urban Surface Heat Island Intensity

作　　者：吴昊天 李琼[1] WU Haotian;LI Qiong(School of Science,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou 510640,China;University of Melbourne,Melbourne School of Design,Melbourne VIC-3053,Victoria,Australia)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院,广州510640 [2]墨尔本大学设计学院,维多利亚州墨尔本VIC-3053

出　　处：《建筑节能（中英文）》2023年第10期62-70,共9页Building Energy Efficiency

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2020YFE0200300);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52178076);广东省国际科技合作项目(2023A0505050125);广州市科技计划资助项目(2020020030261)。

摘　　要：统计了地中海气候范围内的米兰、贝鲁特与伊斯坦布尔2000年以及2020年城市发展变化。借助局地气候区系统,探索分析了城市地表热岛强度(Surface Urban Heart Island,SUHI)的时空变化分布。局地气候区框架直观地展示了城市空间形态的变迁,同时更有针对性地表征了地表热岛强度的区域变化特点,为地表热岛强度的缓解提供有效参考依据。结果表明米兰的城市扩张范围最小,产业升级造成的工业园区(LCZ8)更新是城市过去20年来的主要变动,LCZ 2与LCZ 3对LCZ 8的替代创造了更多的人工排热,使当地地表热岛强度平均提升了1.2℃。贝鲁特的扩张规模是3座城市中最大的,其建成类局地气候分类面积提高了约8%。伊斯坦布尔海岸沿线与近郊出现快速城市化的趋势,近郊的建筑密度不断提升,区域内平均提升了1.3℃。总体来看,在夏季地中海城市,与工业排热相比,人工排热也会使区域产生强烈的地表热岛效应。伊斯坦布尔的结果证明了千万人口城市中的局地气候区变化会产生更强烈的地表热岛强度。大都市的交通排热也是影响城市热环境的重要因素。3座城市展示了不同发展阶段下城市面临的热岛效应问题,研究城市变迁将为我国未来城市设计与规划提供新的参考与经验。The LCZ framework intuitively depicts changes in urban spatial morphology which can be effectively evaluated in conjunction with the distribution area of Surface Urban Heat Island,providing an effective reference for how to alleviate Surface urban Heat Island in the area.The findings show that Milan has had the smallest urban expansion area in the last 20 years,that the industrial park(LCZ 8)renewal caused by industrial upgrading has been the main change in the city in the last 20 years,and that the evolution of LCZ 8 by LCZ 2 and LCZ 3 has created more anthropological heat discharge,which leads to the local SUHI to rise by an average of 1.2℃.Beirut has the most room for growth,with its built-up LCZ increasing by about 8%.There is also a trend of rapid urbanization along Istanbul’s coast and suburbs,with increasing building density and SUHI increasing by 1.2℃in the region.Istanbul SUHII intensity change demonstrates that the SUHI generated by LCZ changes in a city with 10 million people is more intense and that traffic heat emission in metropolitan areas is also an important factor affecting the urban thermal environment.Milan,Istanbul and Beirut represent the situation that cities must confront at various stages of development,and the study of urban change will provide new experiences for Chinese urban planning.

关 键 词：城市局地气候区 城市扩张 地表城市热岛效应 “一带一路”国家 

分 类 号：TU111.19[建筑科学—建筑理论]