广西北部湾施氏獭蛤卵巢发育、卵子和卵黄发生的研究  

The study on ovarian development,oogenesis and vitellogenesis of Lutraria sieboldii in Beibu Gulf of Guangxi

作　　者：吴韬 潘英[1,2] 连昌朋 刘一鸣 徐炳杰 王超奇 杨凌 WU Tao;PAN Ying;LIAN Changpeng;LIU Yiming;XU Bingjie;WANG Chaoqi;YANG Ling(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Aquatic Healthy Breeding and Nutrition Regulation of Guangxi Universities,Nanning 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西高校水生生物健康养殖与营养调控重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带海洋学报》2023年第6期137-149,共13页Journal of Tropical Oceanography

基　　金：广西创新驱动发展专项(桂科AA19254032);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0901400)。

摘　　要：为探究广西北部湾海域施氏獭蛤卵巢发育、卵子和卵黄发生,采用组织切片分析卵巢周年变化,并利用光学和电子显微镜观察雌性生殖细胞的变化过程。结果表明,广西北部湾海域施氏獭蛤卵巢发育周期为一年,每年12月至翌年4月性腺饱满,为繁殖盛期,产卵高峰期略滞后于性腺成熟期,每期5%~15%个体发育滞后于群体。卵子发生过程中,雌性生殖细胞逐渐脱离滤泡壁,进入滤泡腔。卵子发育过程中,卵径由6.9~8.3μm变大至70.0~74.9μm,细胞质内细胞器数量增加,出现卵黄粒,自噬泡吞噬脂滴和线粒体。卵黄发生期间,核仁经染色后分为两部分,颜色深浅不一,核质间出现物质交换,卵母细胞质膜内出现多泡小体,在靠近卵周隙处形成微吞饮泡,分别从卵周隙和滤泡吸收外源性卵黄物质。此外,本实验还观察到施氏獭蛤存在滤泡混合型和滤泡共存型雌雄同体,性转换方向表现为雌性向雄性转换。本研究结果为施氏獭蛤的人工繁育提供基础资料。For understanding the ovarian development,oogenesis and vitellogenesis of Lutraria sieboldii in the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi,we used tissue section,optical and electronic microscope observed the annual change process of female germ cells.The results showed that the ovary development of L.sieboldii in the Beibu Gulf of Guangxi was a reproductive cycle every year,and the peak period of reproduction was from December to April of the next year when the gonads were full,5%~15% individual development lagged behind the population in each stage.During oogenesis,female reproductive cell gradually detached from the follicle walls,and entered the follicular cavity.In the process of ovum development,the oocyte diameter changed from 6.9~8.3μm to 70.0~74.9μm,the number of organelles in the cytoplasm increased,and appeared yolk granules,autophagy vesicles engulf lipid droplets and mitochondria.During vitellogenesis,the nucleolus turned into two parts with different staining depth,material exchange occurred between nucleoplasm.Oocytes formed polyvesicular bodies through plasma membrane depression and formed microphagulation vesicles near the perioval space,which absorb exogenous yolk substances from perioval space and follicles,respectively.In addition,we observed that there were follicular mixed type and follicular coexisting type hermaphroditism,and the direction of sexual transformation was from female to male.The results provide basic data for the artificial breeding of L.sieboldii.

关 键 词：施氏獭蛤 卵巢发育 卵子发生 卵子发育 超微结构 雌雄同体 

分 类 号：Q954.4[生物学—动物学]