真空感应熔炼法高效制备SmFe_(12)基永磁体母合金  

SmFe_(12)-based permanent magnet master alloy prepared efficiently by vacuum induction melting

作　　者：王婉婷 王书桓 柳昆 张一昆 WANG Wanting;WANG Shuhuan;LIU Kun;ZHANG Yikun(School of Metallurgy and Energy,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Tangshan Key Laboratory of Special Metallurgy and Material Preparation,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山063210 [2]唐山市特种冶金及材料制备重点试验室,河北唐山063210

出　　处：《中国冶金》2023年第10期81-89,共9页China Metallurgy

基　　金：河北省钢铁联合基金资助项目(E2021209146);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(226Z1006G);唐山市科技计划资助项目(22130230H)。

摘　　要：真空感应熔炼法可缓解SmFe_(12)基永磁体母合金制备过程中Sm的氧化和挥发问题,是控制成分的有效手段。为实现真空感应熔炼法高效制备SmFe_(12)基永磁体母合金,从理论分析和实验室研究角度,研究了装料真空率、熔炼功率对Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti合金熔炼效果的影响,确定了制备工艺参数。结果表明,原料装料真空率低于10%有利于Sm的保留和金属颗粒的熔化;相较于升功率熔炼和一段式熔炼的熔炼效果,降功率熔炼效果更优。确定的最佳制备工艺参数为,装料真空率为5%时,起始熔炼功率为24~28 kW;金属加热至沸腾后,将熔炼功率降低至15 kW以下。熔炼时间为90 s时可以使金属原料充分熔化,从而实现SmFe_(12)基永磁体母合金的高效熔炼;在1 100℃下进行长达48 h的均匀化退火处理后可获得组织均匀的优质Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti合金。本方法可为后续Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti合金粉体或薄带的研究制备原料,为今后不同成分的SmFe12基永磁体微观组织及性能的研究奠定基础。The vacuum induction melting method can alleviate the oxidation and volatilization problems of SmFe_(12)-based permanent magnet master alloy during the preparation process,and is an effective means to control the components.In order to efficiently prepare SmFe_(12)-based permanent magnet master alloy by vacuum induction melting method,the effects of charging vacuum rate and melting power on the melting effect of Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti alloy were studied from the perspective of theoretical analysis and laboratory research,and the preparation process parameters were determined.The results show that the charging vacuum rate of raw material is less than 10%,which is conducive to the retention of Sm and the melting of metal particles.Compared with the melting effect of liter power melting and one-step melting,the reduced power melting effect is better.The optimum preparation process parameters are determined as fllows,the starting melting power is 24-28 kw when the charging vacuum rate is 5%,and the melting power is reduced to less than 15 kW after heating the metal to boiling.The total melting time is 90 s,which can fully melt the metal raw material and achieve the efficient melting of SmFe_(12)-based permanent magnet master alloy,and the homogenized annealing treatment is carried out at 1100 C for up to 48 h to obtain Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti alloy with high quality and uniform organization.The study can provide raw materials for the subsequent research of Sm_(0.8)Zr_(0.2)Fe_(8.5)Co_(2)Cu_(0.5)Ti alloy powder or ribbons,and lay foundation for the futher study of microstructure and properties for SmFe_(12)-based permanent magnets with different compositions.

关 键 词：有色冶金 SmFe_(12)基永磁体 真空感应熔炼 装料真空率 熔炼功率 均匀化退火 

分 类 号：TM273[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]