云南普洱季风常绿阔叶林不同种子扩散方式的优势种空间点格局分析  

Spatial pattern of dominant species with different seed dispersal modes in a monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er,Yunnan Province

作　　者：王明慧 陈昭铨 李帅锋[1,3] 黄小波 郎学东 胡子涵 尚瑞广 刘万德 Minghui Wang;Zhaoquan Chen;Shuaifeng Li;Xiaobo Huang;Xuedong Lang;Zihan Hu;Ruiguang Shang;Wande Liu(Institute of Highland Forest Science,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Kunming 650224;College of Landscape Architecture,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037;Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Research Station,National Forestry and Grassland Administration of China,Kunming 650224;Pu’er Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province,Kunming 650224)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,昆明650224 [2]南京林业大学风景园林学院,南京210037 [3]国家林业和草原局云南普洱森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,昆明650224 [4]云南省普洱森林生态系统野外科学观测研究站,昆明65022

出　　处：《生物多样性》2023年第9期82-91,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：云南省基础研究计划项目(202001AS070005)。

摘　　要：物种的空间分布格局和种群结构受生境过滤、扩散限制、种内和种间相互作用等多重过程的影响。研究物种的空间分布格局、物种关联及其与环境因子的关系,有利于揭示生物多样性维持机制,探索群落稳定演替的生态过程。季风常绿阔叶林作为我国热带-亚热带交错区典型的地带性植被类型,是研究交错区物种空间分布格局的重要平台。本研究基于普洱30ha季风常绿阔叶林动态监测样地的调查资料,采用点格局分析的方法,对3种不同种子扩散方式的优势种即短刺锥(Castanopsis echidnocarpa)、茶梨(Anneslea fragrans)、西南桦(Betula alnoides)的空间分布格局及其随尺度的变化进行研究,分析了生境过滤和扩散限制对物种空间分布格局的影响以及不同生活史阶段间的种内和种间关联。结果显示:短刺锥和茶梨在山脊和山坡分布居多,而在沟谷较少,西南桦则主要分布于山坡。3种优势种在完全随机模型下所有尺度上均表现为聚集分布,且聚集强度随空间尺度的增大而减小。排除生境异质性后,所有优势种只在小尺度上表现为聚集分布,大尺度上为随机分布或规则分布。扩散限制对短刺锥和茶梨的分布格局影响较小,而对西南桦的分布格局影响较为显著。在种内不同径级的空间关联上,短刺锥和茶梨种内不同生长阶段树木之间存在相关性,但西南桦则相关性不明显;在种间关联上,短刺锥和茶梨为正相关,和西南桦为负相关,茶梨和西南桦则正、负相关都存在。本研究表明,物种的空间分布格局是物种本身属性和环境条件的综合反映,其中生境过滤和扩散限制的关联效应是影响物种空间分布的主要原因。Aim:Multiple processes such as habitat filtering,dispersal restriction,and intra-/interspecific interactions within and between species could affect the spatial distribution patterns and population structure of species.Studying how species are distributed in space,as well as their connections with environmental factors,is valuable for revealing the maintenance mechanism that uphold biodiversity and to exploring the ecological process of community succession.Method:The monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest,representative of a zonal vegetation type,serves as an important subject for studying the species patterns within the interlacing area between tropical and subtropical zones.Using point pattern analysis on survey data from a 30-ha dynamics plot in the monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest in Pu’er,we examined the scale-changing spatial distribution patterns of three dominant species(Castanopsis echidnocarpa,Anneslea fragrans and Betula alnoides),each with distinct seed dispersal modes.Concurrently,we scrutinized the effects of habitat heterogeneity and dispersal restriction on the spatial distribution patterns of species,as well as the intra-/interspecific associations between different life stages.Results:The results showed that C.echidnocarpa and A.fragrans were commonly distributed on the ridges and hillsides,with less frequent occurrence in the valleys,whereas B.alnoides predominantly thrived on hillsides.Under the complete randomness model,all three species displayed aggregated distribution patterns across all scales.With the degree of aggregation decreasing as the spatial scale increased.Upon accounting for habitat heterogeneity,all the three species showed aggregated distribution only on small scale,transitioning to random or regular distribution on a large scale.Dispersal restrictions minimally effect the distribution pattern of C.echidnocarpa and A.fragrans,but significantly effect on the distribution pattern of B.alnoides.Regarding the spatial association among different age classes within species,si

关 键 词：季风常绿阔叶林 点格局分析 生境异质性 种子扩散限制 种内/种间关联 

分 类 号：S718.54[农业科学—林学]