中巴经济走廊地质灾害研究进展与展望  

Progress in and prospects of study on geohazards in the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor

作　　者：苏晓军 孟兴民 张毅[2,4] 岳东霞 周自强[5] 郭富赟 SU Xiao-jun;MENG Xing-min;ZHANG Yi;YUE Dong-xia;ZHOU Zi-qiang;GUO Fu-yun(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Gansu Technology&Innovation Centre for Environmental Geology and Geohazards Prevention,Lanzhou 730000,China;Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems with the Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;School of Earth Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Geological Hazards Prevention,Gansu Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;Geological Environment Monitoring Institute of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学资源环境学院,兰州730000 [2]甘肃省环境地质与灾害防治技术创新中心,兰州730000 [3]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [4]兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院,兰州730000 [5]甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所,兰州730000 [6]甘肃省地质环境监测院,兰州730050

出　　处：《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第5期694-710,共17页Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(SQ2021QZKK0201);国家自然科学基金项目(41661144046,42007232);甘肃省重点人才项目(2022RCXM033);甘肃省科技重大专项(19ZD2FA002);兰州大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(lzujbky-2021-ey05)。

摘　　要：中巴经济走廊(CPEC)是连接中国与南亚、西亚的重要通道.CPEC北部大部为青藏高原、帕米尔高原山区,具有独特复杂的地质结构、活跃的构造运动、多样的地形地貌、多变的环境气候背景.CPEC内滑坡、泥石流及冰川跃动等相关灾害多发,影响着CPEC的安全建设和运营,面临巨大风险和挑战,地质灾害亦给当地社会和人民带来巨大损失.本研究系统总结了CPEC滑坡、泥石流及冰川相关灾害识别编目及成因、地质灾害评价、灾害防治与减轻等方面研究现状.针对当前研究存在的5点不足:孕灾背景研究较为薄弱、灾害早期识别有待进一步加强、灾害特征与机制揭示不够深入、灾害评价及方法有待发展、地质灾害综合防治有待提升等,提出相应建议.提出三方面展望:开展CPEC环境地质普查、地质灾害详查,建立完备的地质灾害本底数据;促进建立适于CPEC的地质灾害空天地联合监测识别技术体系,促进卫星数据共享体系升级;开展系统全面的地质灾害防治、风险评价、减灾与灾后恢复研究等.The China-Pakistan Economic Corridor(CPEC)is a key passage connecting China with South Asia and West Asia.Most parts of CPEC are in areas of the Tibetan Plateau and Pamir Plateau and,with unique and dynamic geomorphology and geo-environment backgrounds,a mass of landslides,debris flow,and glacier surging-related or-induced geohazards,presenting challenges to the normal construction and operation of CPEC,and also bringing disasters and loss for the local society and human life.The study systematically summarized the study progress in the geohazard identification and inventory,hazard assessment,and geohazard prevention and mitigation.Based on that,the shortages of recent studies were pointed out.The study on geohazard development background has been relatively unsubstantial,and early identification of geohazards needed to be further strengthened,the characteristics and mechanism of geohazards have not been clearly investigated,the methodology of hazard assessment needed to be advanced,and the comprehensive prevention and control of geological disasters needed to be further enhanced.According suggestions were proposed.The study proposed the prospects in three fields including carrying out an environmental geology census and geo-hazard detailed survey to establish a complete database on geological disasters;promoting the establishment of an air-space-ground joint monitoring and identification technology system suitable for the geohazards study in CPEC,promoting satellite data sharing;carrying out systematic and comprehensive research on geological disaster prevention and control,risk identification,disaster reduction and post-disaster recovery in CPEC.

关 键 词：滑坡 泥石流 冰川 地质灾害 灾害评价 防灾减灾 中巴经济走廊 

分 类 号：P954[天文地球—自然地理学] P642