达里湖区与内蒙古高原其他湖区鱼类多样性比较  

Comparison of Fish Diversity between Dali Lake Region and Other Lake Regions in Inner Mongolia Plateau

作　　者：杨富亿[1] 文波龙[1] 李晓宇[1] 杨艳丽 万斯昂 陈凤臻[3] 欧阳玲[3] 宋述芹[3] 赵胜男 YANG Fuyi;WEN Bolong;LI Xiaoyu;YANG Yanli;WAN Siang;CHEN Fengzhen;OUYANG Ling;SONG Shuqin;ZHAO Shengnan(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China;College of Geography and Enveronmental Science,Hainnan Normal University,Haikou 571199,Hainan,P.R.China;Chifeng University,Chifeng 024000,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室,中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]海南师范大学地理与环境科学学院,海南海口571199 [3]赤峰学院,内蒙古赤峰024000

出　　处：《湿地科学》2023年第5期649-662,共14页Wetland Science

基　　金：科技部基础性工作专项项目(2006FY110600和2014FY110400);内蒙古自治区赤峰学院院士专家工作站项目(cfxyys 201701);吉林省委组织部人才团队项目(2016)资助。

摘　　要：达里湖区是内蒙古高原的主要湖区之一,也是达里诺尔湿地和达里诺尔国家级自然保护区的重要组成部分。为了了解达里湖区的鱼类多样性特点及其与内蒙古高原其他湖区鱼类多样性的关系,根据野外调查数据和文献资料,总结了内蒙古高原主要湖泊的鱼类物种多样性组成,在达里湖区与其他湖区鱼类物种组成分析比较的基础上,研究了达里湖鱼类多样性的特点及其形成原因,探讨了内蒙古高原湖泊湿地的鱼类多样性格局。研究结果表明,达里湖区各湖泊中的土著鱼类群落由3目5科17属18种鱼类构成,以鲤形目和鲤科(Cyprinidae)鱼类为主体,呈现东亚内陆鱼类组成的特点,其鱼类区系成分来自黄河、辽河和黑龙江水系,以北方类群为主体,在区系组成上更接近于黑龙江水系,同时还兼有青藏高原的鱼类区系特征;与其他各湖区相比,达里湖区各湖泊的土著鱼类群落中都包含有鲤形目和鲈形目物种,以鲤形目物种为主体;在科的组成中,都以鲤科为主,鳅科(Cobitidae)次之;在区系组成中,都包含有北方平原、江河平原和新近纪区系生态类群,但是各湖区鱼类群落间和区系生态类群间的相似性都较低,在鱼类多样性上无密切关系。内蒙古高原湖泊湿地的土著鱼类群落由7目13科50属77种构成,物种的水平分布不平衡,存在一定的局限性和跨水系分布的现象,其区系组成以东亚类群的鱼类为主体,具有东亚内陆鱼类组成的特点,还兼有青藏高原的鱼类区系特征。达里湖区可能是黄河、辽河和黑龙江水系鱼类生态地理动物群的交汇区,内蒙古高原可能是古北区、东洋区和青藏高原区鱼类动物地理区的交汇区。Dali Lake region is one of the main lake regions in Inner Mongolia Plateau,and is also an important part of Dalinor Wetlands and Dalinor National Nature Reserve.To understand the characteristics of fish diversity in Dali Lake region and its relationship with other lake regions in Inner Mongolia Plateau,based on the field survey data and literature,this paper summarized the composition of fish species diversity in the main lake regions of Inner Mongolia Plateau.According to the analysis and comparison of the composition of fish species diversity between Dali Lake region and other lake regions,this paper studied the characteristics and formation of fish diversity in Dali Lake region and discussed the pattern and formation of fish diversity in the lakes and wetlands of Inner Mongolia Plateau.The results showed that the indigenous fish community in Dali Lake region was composed of 3 orders,5 families,17 genera and 18 species,with Cypriniformes and Cyprinidae as the main composition,and presented the composition characteristics of inland fish in East Asia.The community came from the Yellow River,Liaohe River and Heilongjiang River system,with northern group as the main body,which is closer to the Heilongjiang River system in composition.Meanwhile,it also had the characteristics of fish fauna of Tibet Plateau.Compared with other lake regions,the indigenous fish communities included Cypriniformes and Perciformes,with Cypriniformes as the main body.Cyprinidae was the main family,followed by Cobitidae.The regional composition included northern plain,river plain and Neogene Period ecological groups.But the correlation between fish communities and faunalecological groups in the lake area was low,and there was no close relationship in terms of fish diversity.The indigenous fish community in the lake and wetlands of Inner Mongolia Plateau was composed of 77 species,50 genera,13 families,and 7 orders.The horizontal distribution of species was unbalanced,with certain limitations and crossriver distribution.Its regional composit

关 键 词：达里湖 达里诺尔湿地 鱼类多样性 内蒙古高原 

分 类 号：Q958.15[生物学—动物学]