长江水系的中华绒螯蟹幼蟹在川东地区的生长性能研究  

Growth Performance of Juvenile Chinese Mitten Crabs from the Yangtze River System in Eastern Sichuan

作　　者：黄健[1,2,3,4] 马旭洲[1,2,3,4] 张文博[1,2,3,4] 黄渊博 戴希贤 HUANG Jian;MAXuzhou;ZHANGWenbo;HUANG Yuanbo;DAI Xixian(Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Aquatic Animal Genetic Breeding Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China;Shanghai Aquaculture Engineering Technology Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China;Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Germplasm Resources,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China;National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Aquatic Science,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产动物遗传育种中心上海市协同创新中心,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学农业农村部淡水水产种质资源重点实验室上,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306

出　　处：《湿地科学》2023年第5期753-760,共8页Wetland Science

基　　金：上海市现代农业产业技术体系项目(沪农科产字(2022)第4号)资助。

摘　　要：2021年5月至10月,在四川省达州市开江民生渔业有限公司三清庙基地,利用幼蟹生态养殖池塘,对来自长江水系的中华绒螯蟹良种“江海21”蟹苗进行了一个养殖周期的生物学监测,旨在探讨长江水系的中华绒螯蟹蟹苗在四川开江地区的生长发育特征,为川东地区中华绒螯蟹规模化健康养殖提供理论依据。研究结果表明,在当地养殖时,大多数幼蟹的蜕壳次数为11次,蜕壳后的幼蟹生长性状和成活率都与其在长江水系中无显著差异;随着蜕壳次数的增加,幼蟹的湿或者干体质量都呈现指数函数增长,其壳长、壳宽分别与蜕壳次数呈一元二次函数关系,其湿体质量分别与壳长、壳宽具有幂函数关系,其壳长与壳宽显著相关。开展长江水系的中华绒螯蟹1龄蟹种本地化培育具有可行性,解决了以往因长途运输而导致的蟹种成活率低和环境适应性差的问题,幼蟹的本地化培育技术措施可在川东地区应用和推广。From May to October 2021,an ecological breeding pond for young crabs was used to conduct the biological monitoring of the breeding cycle on the'Jianghai 21'crab seedlings(a good species of Chinese Mitten Crab from the Yangtze River system)at the Sanqingmiao base of Kaijiang Minsheng Fishery Co.,Ltd.in Dazhou city,Sichuan province.The objective was to explore the growth and development characteristics of Chinese mitten crab seedlings from the Yangtze River system in the Kaijiang region of Sichuan,thus providing a theoretical basis for large-scale healthy farming of Chinese mitten crab in eastern Sichuan.As shown by the research results,during local farming,most young crabs shed their shells 11 times,and the growth characteristics and survival rate of young crabs after shelling were not significantly different from those in the Yangtze River system.With the increase in the number of shellings,the wet or dry body mass of young crabs all presented exponential growth.Their shell length and shell width had a one-way quadratic relationship with the number of shelling times,and their wet body mass had a power function relationship with shell length and shell width,respectively.In short,it is feasible to develop localized cultivation of one-year-old Chinese mitten crab from the Yangtze River system,which can solve the problems of low survival rate and poor environmental adaptability of crab species caused by previous long-distance transportation.Localized cultivation technical measures for young crabs can be applied and promoted in eastern Sichuan.

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 大眼幼体 生长性能 蜕壳 

分 类 号：S96[农业科学—水产养殖]