专利无效情形下的职务发明报酬权:定性与要件  

Right to Remuneration for Employee Invention with Invalidated Patent Right:Focusing on the Nature and Constituent Elements

作　　者：梁勋 袁秀挺[1] LIANG Xun;YUAN Xiuting(School of Law,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092)

机构地区：[1]同济大学法学院,上海200092

出　　处：《中国发明与专利》2023年第11期70-80,共11页China Invention & Patent

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“知识产权案例指导的运作机制及其实证研究”(编号:13BFX121)。

摘　　要：在专利无效情形下,司法实践坚持适用《专利法》第47条第2款来解决单位与职务发明人之间的报酬权纠纷。但这一处理将导致违背常理的结果,有损专利法体系的协调性。症结在于司法实践未能合理地澄清报酬权与专利权之间的关系。报酬权为债权,就其法律性质并不能得出其从属于专利权,随专利权的消灭而消灭的结论。出于践行分配正义、实现立法目的以及避免道德风险的考虑,应以技术方案或设计受专利权保护的客观事实为报酬权的构成要件,从而使报酬权的成立与消灭独立于专利权的效力。面对现行法上存在的文义障碍,可分别通过目的性扩张和法律位阶得出更妥当的适用结论。长远来看,应修改相关条文以明确其规范内容。In case of invalidated patent right,judicial practice has insisted on the application of article 47,paragraph 2,of the Patent Law to resolve the dispute over the right to remuneration between the organization and inventor.However,this transaction will intrigue results which are contrary to common sense,which is harmful to the harmony of the patent law system.Main point is that judicial practice is not able to clarify the relation between right to remuneration and patent right.Right to remuneration is a creditor’s right,it’s unable to reach the conclusion with its legal nature that right to remuneration is subordinate to patent right and is extinguished with the extinction of patent right.On concern of practicing distributive justice,fulfilling the legislative purpose and avoiding moral risk,the objective fact that technical solutions or designs have been protected by patent right should be part of the constituent elements of right of remuneration,based on which the establishment and extinction of right to remuneration will be independent of the validity of related patent right.Facing the literary barriers of the current law,approaches of legal interpretation based on purposeful expansion and legal status are helpful to reach a more reasonable conclusion.Related provisions should be amended to expound its rule content in the long term.

关 键 词：职务发明报酬 专利无效 债权 经济效益 发明创造专利 

分 类 号：D923.42[政治法律—民商法学]