饲料中添加复方中草药对美国牛蛙生长性能、血清生化指标和肠道组织形态的影响  

Effects of Compound Chinese Herbal Medicine in Feed on Growth Performance,Serum Biochemistry and Intestinal Histomorphology in Lithobates catesbeiana

作　　者：杨旭红 黄凯[1] 黄明磊 夏乐文 林向东 于凯 郭睿婕 黄娇 YANG Xuhong;HUANG Kai;HUANG Minglei;XIA Lewen;LIN Xiangdong;YU Kai;GUO Ruijie;HUANG Jiao(College of Animal Science and Technology,Guangxi University,Guangxi Nanning 530004,China;Jilin Youshengda Agricultural Technology Company Limited,Jilin Baishan 134300,China;Nanning Haibaolu Aquatic Feed Company Limited,Guangxi Nanning 530031,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学动物科学技术学院,广西南宁530004 [2]吉林酉盛达农业科技有限公司,吉林白山134300 [3]南宁海宝路水产饲料有限公司,广西南宁530031

出　　处：《饲料工业》2023年第22期104-112,共9页Feed Industry

基　　金：广西科技重大专项创新驱动发展基金[桂科AA20302019-6]。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同剂量的复方中草药(蒲公英、青果、败酱、罗摩、葡萄籽5种中草药制作而成)对美国牛蛙的生长性能、血清生化、肠道消化酶和肠道组织形态的影响。将美国牛蛙幼苗[(7.87±0.16)g]随机分为5组,每组3个重复,每个重复40尾,在基础饲料中分别添加0%、0.25%、0.50%、0.75%和1.00%的复方中草药配制5种试验饲料(DC组、DC 0.25组、DC 0.50组、DC 0.75组、DC 1.00组)。按体质量5%投喂90 d。试验结果表明:①与DC组相比,饲料中添加0.75%的复方中草药可显著提高美国牛蛙终末体重、存活率、增重率和特定生长率(P<0.05);对美国牛蛙的饲料系数、肥满度、肝体比和脏体比无显著影响(P>0.05)。②与DC组相比,饲料中添加复方中草药对美国牛蛙粗灰分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪含量具有显著影响(P<0.05)。DC组粗蛋白(16.44%)、粗脂肪(5.52%)含量最高,DC 0.25组粗灰分(3.14%)含量最高;对美国牛蛙水分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。③血清生化指标中,与DC组相比,饲料中添加复方中草药对美国牛蛙的谷草转氨酶(GOT)、谷丙转氨酶(GPT)、三酰甘油(TG)、总胆固醇(T-CHO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)含量均有显著影响(P<0.05)。④消化酶活性方面,与DC组相比,饲料中添加复方中草药对美国牛蛙蛋白酶和淀粉酶活性具有显著的影响(P<0.05),DC 1.00组蛋白酶(677.71 U/mg)和淀粉酶(0.24 U/g)活性最高;对脂肪酶活性无显著影响(P<0.05)。⑤肠道组织形态表明,与DC组相比,饲料中添加复方中草药对美国牛蛙肠道绒毛高度、肌层厚度具有显著差异(P<0.05);对绒毛宽度和肠上皮细胞高度无显著影响(P>0.05)。综合生长性能、血清生化指标、肠道消化酶和肠道组织形态及饲料系数参考,建议美国牛蛙最适复方中草药添加水平为0.75%。The purpose of this experiment is to study the effects of different doses of compound Chinese herbal medicine(made from five herbs:dandelion,green fruit,septoria,lomo and grape seed)on growth performance,serum biochemistry,intestinal digestive enzymes and intestinal histomorphology of Lithobates catesbeiana.Five test diets(DC,DC 0.25,DC 0.50,DC 0.75,DC 1.00)were formulated by adding 0%,0.25%,0.5%,0.75%and 1%of the compound herbicide to the base feed.Lithobates catesbeiana hatchlings[(7.87±0.16)g]were randomly divided into five groups of three replicates each,with 40 tails per replicate,and fed at 5%body mass for 90 d.The test results showed that:①compared with DC group addition of 0.75%compound herbicide to the feed significantly increased the final body weight,survival rate,weight gain rate and specific growth rate of Lithobates cates⁃beiana(P<0.05);there was no significant effect on feed factor,fatness,liver-to-body ratio and organ-to�body ratio of Lithobates catesbeiana(P>0.05).②Compared with DC group,the addition of compound herbicide to the feed had a significant effect on crude ash,crude protein and crude fat in Lithobates catesbei⁃ana(P<0.05).Crude protein(16.44%)and crude fat(5.52%)were highest in the DC group,and crude ash(3.14%)was highest in the DC 0.25 group;there was no significant difference in moisture in Lithobates catesbeiana(P>0.05).③Among the serum biochemical indices,compared with DC group,the addition of compound herbicide in the feed had significant effects(P<0.05)on the levels of glutathione transaminase(GOT),glutamate transaminase(GPT),triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(T-CHO),superoxide dismutase(SOD),malondialdehyde(MDA),alkaline phosphatase(AKP)and acid phosphatase(ACP)in Lithobates catesbeiana(P<0.05).④Compared with DC group in terms of digestive enzyme activity,the addition of compound Chinese herbal medicine to the feed had a significant effect(P<0.05)on protease and amylase activities in Lithobates catesbeiana.Protease(677.71 U/mg)and amylase(0.24 U/g)activities were

关 键 词：美国牛蛙 复方中草药 生长性能 生理生化 肠道消化酶 肠道组织形态 

分 类 号：S816.7[农业科学—饲料科学]