基于区块链的科学数据汇交存证模型研究与实现  

Research and implementation of science data collection model based on blockchain

作　　者：徐墨庚 姜晓轶 童心[1,2,3] 符昱 王漪 XU Mogeng;JIANG Xiaoyi;TONG Xin;FU Yu;WANG Yi(Technology Innovation Center of Marine Information,Tianjin 300171,China;National Marine Scientific Data Center,Tianjin 300171,China;National Marine Data and Information Service,Tianjin 300171,China)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部海洋信息技术创新中心,天津300171 [2]国家海洋科学数据中心,天津300171 [3]国家海洋信息中心,天津300171

出　　处：《海洋信息技术与应用》2023年第4期238-248,共11页JOURNAL OF MARINE INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATION

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3105100);南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(珠海)自主科研项目(SML2021SP102);自然资源部城市国土资源监测与仿真重点实验室开放基金资助课题。

摘　　要：科技计划项目产生的科学数据是科技成果的重要组成部分,开展科学数据汇交是收集科技成果的关键一环。目前大部分科学数据中心的汇交系统采用“中心化”存储管理模式,存在数据权属争议、数据易篡改等隐患。针对这一问题,本文分析数据汇交的现状及痛点,提出了基于区块链的科学数据汇交存证解决方案,结合海洋科学数据汇交系统设计存证智能合约,实现汇交全流程可追溯。利用区块链不可篡改的特性,对海洋科学数据进行链上链下存储,将原始数据的Hash值上链并附上权威机构的数字签名,确保链上数据不可伪造,链下数据可验证权威性,为开放共享服务提供可信海洋科学数据。The scientific data generated by science and technology planning projects is an important part of scientific and technological achievements,and the exchange of scientific data is a key link to collect scientific and technological achievements.At present,most of the scientific data center's exchange system adopts the"centralized"storage management mode,there are data ownership disputes,data easy to tamper with hidden dangers.In order to solve this problem,this paper analyzes the current situation and pain points of data exchange,proposes a scientific data exchange certificate solution based on blockchain,and designs a smart contract for certificate exchange combined with the Marine scientific data exchange system to realize the traceability of the whole process of exchange.The untamper-proof feature of blockchain is utilized to store Marine scientific data on and off the chain,link the Hash value of the original data and attach the digital signature of the authority,so as to ensure that the data on the chain cannot be forged and the data under the chain can be verified and authoritative,so as to provide credible Marine scientific data for open and shared services.

关 键 词：科技计划项目数据汇交 科学数据 区块链 不可篡改 

分 类 号：P717[天文地球—海洋科学] TP274.2[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]