空间溢出视角下数字经济对区域经济发展差距的影响研究  

A Study on the Impact of Digital Economy on Regional Economic Development Gap from the Perspective of Spatial Spillover

作　　者：程钦良 宋彦玲 CHENG Qinliang;SONG Yanling(Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics,Lanzhou 730020,China;Gansu Key Laboratory of Digital Economy and Social Computing Science,Lanzhou 730020,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州财经大学,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省数字经济与社会计算科学重点实验室,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《西安财经大学学报》2023年第6期44-57,共14页Journal of Xi’an University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字经济重塑中国地理格局的理论机制与实现路径研究”(22CTJ016);甘肃省高校创新基金项目“甘肃省‘强省会’战略推动区域经济高质量发展的机制与路径研究”(2022A-088);甘肃省优秀博士生基金项目“新发展格局下我国区际产业转移推动国内价值链重构研究”(22JR5RA552)。

摘　　要：缩小地区经济差距是贯彻新发展理念和建设现代化经济体系的重要组成部分。数字经济作为新时期国民经济增长的中坚力量,已然成为影响区域经济发展差距的重要因素。文章旨在考察数字经济是否会通过空间溢出效应影响区域经济发展差距,首先从理论层面分析空间溢出视角下数字经济影响区域经济发展差距的内在机制,接着以中国省际单元为研究对象,采用空间杜宾模型进行实证检验。研究发现:(1)数字经济通过数据生产要素的开放共享、信息对称优化区域间资源配置、形成示范效应和竞争效应等渠道产生影响区域经济发展差距的空间溢出效应,数字技术能够强化数据要素开放共享和信息对称优化区域间资源配置的空间溢出作用。但值得注意的是,这种空间溢出效应并不总表现为正向溢出,资本的逐利性及市场拥挤的形成与否等导致区域间资源优化配置存在要素流动方向的不确定,过度竞争也可能导致生产效率的降低,长期的技术溢出依赖可能会降低区域自主创新能力,在经济增长中永久扮演“追赶者”角色,因此数字经济对区域经济发展差距的影响也可能表现为负向溢出。(2)地理和网络空间内,中国区域经济发展均呈现出关联线路众多、全域性和整体性良好的特点,区域经济发展差距和数字经济都表现出显著的空间相关性,并且区域经济发展差距在地理空间内的相关性强于网络空间内的相关性,而数字经济在网络空间内的相关性更强。(3)当前中国数字经济发展的区域差距较大,数字经济资源利用效率在区域间存在较大差异,发达地区数字经济的发展对落后地区数字经济要素流动存在虹吸效应,各地在发展数字经济的过程中存在着不良的竞争行为。这种虹吸效应和不良竞争行为的存在,拉大了区域经济增长效率差距,进而表现为数字经济的空间溢出�Narrowing the regional economic gap is an important part of implementing the new development concept and building a modern economic system.Digital economy,as the backbone of national economic growth in the new era,has become an important factor affecting the regional economic development gap.This paper aims to investigate whether digital economy will affect regional economic development gap through spatial spillover effect.Firstly,it analyzes the internal mechanism of digital economy affecting regional economic development gap from the perspective of spatial spillover from the theoretical level.Then,it takes China’s inter-provincial units as the research object and adopts spatial Durbin model for empirical test.The study finds that:(1)digital economy can generate spatial spillover effects that affect regional economic development disparities through channels such as open sharing of data production factors,information symmetry optimization of resource allocation between regions,demonstration effects,and competition effects.But it is worth noting that this kind of spatial spillover effect is not always positive spillover.The profit-seeking of capital and the formation of market congestion lead to the uncertainty of the flow direction of factors in the optimal allocation of inter-regional resources,excessive competition may also lead to the reduction of production efficiency,and long-term dependence on technology spillover may reduce regional independent innovation ability and permanently play the role of“catch-up”in economic growth.Therefore,the impact of digital economy on regional economic development gap may also be negative spillover.(2)In both geography and cyberspace,China’s regional economic development is characterized by a large number of connected routes,good regional and overall performance.Regional economic development gap and digital economy both show significant spatial correlation,and the correlation of regional economic development gap in geographical space is stronger than that in cyberspac

关 键 词：数字经济 空间溢出效应 区域经济发展差距 空间相关性 数字生产要素 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]