生境对王朗自然保护区内优势种活动强度影响  

Influence of Habitat on the Activity Intensity of Dominant Species in Wanglang Nature Reserve

作　　者：许阳 刘世达 李英洁 刘正霄 余冰 蒋文龙 郑勇 卿莉 XU Yang;LIU Shida;LI Yingjie;LIU Zhengxiao;YU Bing;JIANG Wenlong;ZHENG Yong;QING Li(Institute of Industry Development Planning,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Beijing 100010,China;Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100091,China;Sichuan Wanglang National Nature Reserve,Mianyang 622550,China)

机构地区：[1]国家林业和草原局产业发展规划院,北京100010 [2]北京林业大学,北京100091 [3]四川王朗国家级自然保护区,四川绵阳622550

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2023年第5期15-23,共9页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：物种在一天中的时间分配是野生动物最重要的生存策略,对理解物种行为生态是十分重要的。为确定王朗自然保护区内的优势物种及优势物种活动强度和生境状况之间的关系。在2018年5月至2019年7月,利用红外相机监测和样方调查对王朗保护区内的大中型兽类和林下鸟类物种及生境状况进行调查。我们评价了3个物种(两个野生优势种和一个家养种)不同活动强度区域间的生境状况。并且比较了野生优势种在家牛Bos taurus生境和其他生境下的活动强度。主成分分析表明,王朗保护区内的优势种为血雉Ithaginis cruentus和毛冠鹿Elaphodus cephalophus。根据时间相对丰富度指数将物种活动强度划分为高、中和低强度。血雉和毛冠鹿不同活动强度区域内的生境状况差异主要表现在地形条件和食物资源。家牛不同活动强度区域内的生境状况差异主要表现在草本盖度。核密度估计表明血雉和毛冠鹿在利用家牛生境和其他生境时,活动曲线重叠度高。但在利用家牛生境时,两者活动高峰的活动强度要高于其他生境。研究表明1)区域内优势种的活动强度可以代表地形条件好、食物资源较差的区域。2)保护区在制定生境恢复政策时,可优先恢复优势种活动强度大的区域。3)恢复生境时,应着重恢复家牛物种利用过的生境。The time allocation of species in a day is the most important survival strategy for wild animals,and it is very important for understanding the behavior ecology of species.In order to determine the dominant species in Wanglang Nature Reserve and the relationship between the activity intensity of the dominant species and the habitat status,from May 2018 to July 2019,the infrared camera monitoring and sample surveys methods were used to investigate the species and habitats of large and medium-sized beasts and understory birds in Wanglang Nature Reserve.The habitat conditions of 3 species(two wild dominant species and one domesticated species)with different activity intensities were evaluated.Moreover,the activity intensity of wild dominant species in Bos taurus habitat and other habitats were compared.The principal component analysis showed that the dominant species in Wanglang Reserve were blood pheasant Ithaginis cruentus and tufted deer Elaphodus cephalophus.The intensity of species activity was divided into high,medium and low intensity based on the relative abundance index of time.The difference in habitat conditions between blood pheasants and tufted deer in areas with different activity intensities was mainly manifested in terrain conditions and food resources.The difference in the habitat status of cattle in different activity intensity areas was mainly manifested in herb coverage.Nuclear density estimates indicated that blood pheasants and tufted deer had a high degree of overlap in their activity curves when using cattle habitats and other habitats.However,when using the cattle habitat,the activity intensity of the two peaks was higher than that of other habitats.The results showed that:(1)The activity intensity of dominant species in the area can represent areas with good terrain conditions and poor food resources.(2)When formulating habitat restoration policies in the protected area,priority can be given to areas where the dominant species have high activity intensity.(3)When restoring the habitat,focus

关 键 词：优势种 活动强度 生境 放牧干扰 

分 类 号：S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]