云南省三江并流区混种鸟群秋季时空分布格局  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Pattern of Mixed-species Bird Flocks in Autumn in Three Parallel Rivers,Yunnan Province

作　　者：段廷璐 杨学俊 沈秀英 郭龙洁 李迎春 谭坤 张淑霞 王荣兴 李娜 肖文 DUAN Tinglu;YANG Xuejun;SHEN Xiuying;GUO Longjie;LI Yingchun;TAN Kun;ZHANG Shuxia;WANG Rongxing;LI Na;XIAO Wen(Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;Fugong Administrative Sub-Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve,Nujiang 673400,China;Nujiang Administrative Sub-Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve,Nujiang 673200,China;Gongshan Administrative Sub-Bureau of Gaoligongshan National Nature Reserve,Nujiang 673500,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China,Dali 671003,China;The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers,Dali University,Dali 671003,China;International Centre of Biodiversity and Primates Conservation,Dali University,Dali 671003,China)

机构地区：[1]大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院,云南大理671003 [2]高黎贡山国家级自然保护区福贡管护分局,云南怒江673400 [3]高黎贡山国家级自然保护区怒江管护分局,云南怒江673200 [4]高黎贡山国家级自然保护区贡山管护分局,云南怒江673500 [5]中国三江并流区域生物多样性协同创新中心,云南大理671003 [6]大理大学三江并流区域生物多样性保护与利用云南省创新团队,云南大理671003 [7]国际生物多样性与灵长类保护中心,云南大理671003

出　　处：《四川林业科技》2023年第5期32-40,共9页Journal of Sichuan Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(专题编号2019QZKK0402);洱海流域景观变化对鸟类物种多样性的影响(2021年度云南省地方高校联合专项青年项目)。

摘　　要：混种鸟群在热带和亚热带森林鸟类中非常普遍,它的形成对鸟类具有重要的生态学意义。然而关于混种鸟群局域时空变化研究较少,尤其是在较大的纬度和海拔梯度上。2019年9月13日至10月5日利用样线和样点结合法在秋季对云南省三江并流区域的混种鸟群进行调查。结果表明:(1)在时间梯度上:一天内的混种鸟群发生频率呈现双峰型,即8:00—11:00和18:00—19:00发生率较高,在8:00—9:00达到顶峰。(2)在纬度梯度上:随着纬度的增加,混种鸟群的发生率降低,混种鸟群中的鸟类物种丰富度和丰度下降;随着纬度的增加,混种鸟群一天中发生的时间分布格局由单峰分布依次向双峰分布、偏峰分布和低频分布转变。(3)在海拔梯度上:以中海拔区域(2400 m~2700 m)集混种群的频率高,同时参与混群的鸟类物种丰富度、丰度呈中海拔单峰分布;纬度也影响混种群在海拔上的发生频率,同时随着纬度的增加,混种群在同一海拔上的发生频率降低。(4)混群物种几乎全为食虫性和杂食性鸟类,仅喜山白眉朱雀(Carpodacus thura)为植食性。研究证实了云南省三江并流区混种鸟群具有显著的纬度和海拔梯度分布特点,为较大环境梯度上混种鸟群形成的驱动机制探索奠定基础。Mixed species bird flocks are very common among tropical and subtropical forest birds,and their formation is of important ecological significance to birds.However,there is few research on the local temporal and spatial changes of mixed species bird flocks,especially on higher latitude and altitude gradients.From September 13 to October 5,2019,the mixed species bird flocks in the Three Parallel Rivers region of Yunnan province was investigated in autumn by using the method of transect and sample point combination.The results showed that:(1)In terms of the time gradient,the occurrence frequency of mixed species bird flocks in a day was bimodal,that is,the frequency was higher at 8:00-11:00 and 18:00-19:00,reaching the peak at 8:00-9:00.(2)In terms of the latitude gradient:with the increase of latitude,the incidence of mixed species bird flocks decreased,and the richness and abundance of bird species in the mixed species bird flocks decreased;with the increase of latitude,the time distribution pattern that occurs in the mixed species bird flocks in a day shift from single-peak distribution to bimodal distribution,partial peak distribution and low-frequency distribution.(3)In terms of the elevation gradient:the frequency of the mixed species bird flocks in the middle elevation area(2400 m-2700 m)was higher,and the richness and abundance of the birds participating in the mixed group were single peak distribution at medium elevation;the latitude also affected the frequency of the mixed species bird flocks at elevation.At the same time,with the increase of latitude,the mixed species bird flocks was at the same altitude.The frequency of occurrence was reduced.(4)Mixed species bird flocks were almost all insectivore and omnivorous birds,and only the Carpodacus thura was herbivorous.The study confirmed that the mixed species bird flocks in the three parallel rivers region of Yunnan province had obvious characteristics of latitude and altitude gradient distribution,which laid the foundation for exploring the driving mechani

关 键 词：混种鸟群 海拔梯度 纬度梯度 时空分布格局 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]