贵州春茶霜冻害危险性分析及区划  

Risk analysis and zoning of frost damage for spring tea in Guizhou province

作　　者：张波 孙思思[1,2] 丁立国 刘燕[4] 于飞[1,2] ZHANG Bo;SUN Sisi;DING Liguo;LIU Yan;YU Fei(Guizhou Institute of Mountainous Environment and Climate,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Key laboratory of Mountainous Climate and Resources,Guiyang 550002,China;Guizhou Climate Center,Guiyang 550002,China;Guiyang University,Guiyang 550002,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省山地环境气候研究所,贵州贵阳550002 [2]贵州省山地气候与资源重点实验室,贵州贵阳550002 [3]贵州省气候中心,贵州贵阳550002 [4]贵阳学院,贵州贵阳550005

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2023年第5期99-105,共7页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合基础-ZK[2023]一般230);贵州省教育厅基础研究项目(黔教合KY字[2020]047);贵阳学院学科建设与研究生教育资助项目(2021-xk05)共同资助

摘　　要：开展春茶期霜冻害危险性分析,有利于提高茶树抵御气象灾害的能力,减少因霜冻害带来经济损失。基于1961—2020年贵州省84个气象站逐日最低气温资料,采用数理统计和空间分析等方法,构建霜冻害危险性指数,进行春茶期霜冻害风险区划。结果表明:贵州春茶期以轻霜冻害为主,各等级霜冻害的天数和站次比呈递减的变化趋势;霜冻害风险等级空间分布呈现西高东低、北高南低的空间变化,次高风险以上的区域主要分布在六盘水市北部、毕节市西部大部和中部、贵阳市北部局地、遵义市北部大娄山局地、铜仁市中部梵净山区、黔东南州的雷公山区和黔南州斗篷山区,区面积约为3.70×10^(4)km^(2),占全省总面积的21.7%;低风险区主要分布在西南部的北盘江流域、北部的赤水河流域和东南部的都柳江流域等,面积约为2.34×10^(4)km^(2),占全省总面积的14.3%。To reduce the economic losses and improve the ability of tea production to resist meteorological disasters,the risk analysis of frost damage during the spring tea growing season was carried out based on the daily minimum temperature data of 84 meteorological stations in Guizhou province from 1961 to 2020,and the frost damage risk index was constructed using the methods of mathematical statistics and spatial analysis.The results show that light frost damage is the main disaster of spring tea in Guizhou province.The number of days frost occurred and the station ratio of frost for each grade shows a decreasing trend.The frost damage risk level is high in the west and the north,becomes lower in the east and the south.The areas with sub-high risk are mainly distributed in the north of Liupanshui,the most of the west and the middle of Bijie,the part of the northern Guiyang,the part of the Daloushan in the north of Zunyi,Fanjing Mountain Area in the middle of Tongren,Leigong Mountain Area in the southeast of Guizhou province and Doupeng Mountain Area in Southern Guizhou province.The total area is about 3.7×10^(4)km^(2),accounting for 21.7%of the entire area of Guizhou province.The lowest risk areas are mainly distributed in the Beipanjiang River Basin in the southwest Chishui River Basin in the north and Duliu River Basin in the southeast and the area is about 2.34×10^(4)km^(2),accounting for 14.3%of the total area of Guizhou province.

关 键 词：春茶 霜冻 危险性指数 风险区划 

分 类 号：S42[农业科学—植物保护]